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Sphingolipids critically regulate microvascular integrity and function, but the role of glycosphingolipids in endothelial survival and angiogenesis remains poorly defined. Herein, we experimentally deactivated or activated UDP-glucose ceramide glucosyltransferase (UGCG), which converts ceramide to glucosylceramide, by the pharmacological inhibitor D-threo-1-phenyl-2-decanoylamino-3-morpholino-1-propanol (D-PDMP), siRNA-mediate...
Systemic inflammation following ischemic stroke is driven by a complex interplay among pro-inflammatory cytokines, immune cell activation, and neurovascular dysfunction. Both aging and obesity significantly amplify this inflammatory response, exacerbating stroke severity and impeding recovery. Aging induces a chronic low-grade inflammatory state—referred to as inflammaging —that heightens vulnerability to stroke-induced brain...
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) obtained from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have shown considerable promise as restorative stroke treatment. In a head-to-head comparison in mice exposed to transient proximal middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), sEVs obtained from MSCs cultured under hypoxic conditions particularly potently enhanced long-term brain tissue survival, microvascular integrity, and angiogenesis. These obs...
This research paper presents a data-based energy management method for a vessel that predicts the upcoming load demands based on data from weather information and its automated tracking system. The vessel is powered by a hybrid propulsion system consisting of a high-temperature fuel cell system to cover the base load and a battery system to compensate for the fuel cell’s limited dynamic response capability to load fluctuations...
Role of glia and extracellular matrix in controlling neuroplasticity in the central nervous systemNARA Subscribed
Neuronal plasticity is critical for the maintenance and modulation of brain activity. Emerging evidence indicates that glial cells actively shape neuroplasticity, allowing for highly flexible regulation of synaptic transmission, neuronal excitability, and network synchronization. Astrocytes regulate synaptogenesis, stabilize synaptic connectivity, and preserve the balance between excitation and inhibition in neuronal networks....
Fangkammer als Beitrag zur Verbesserung des FischaufstiegsNARA Subscribed
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) obtained from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) promote neurological recovery after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in young rodents. Ischemic stroke mainly affects aged humans. MSC-sEV effects on stroke recovery in aged rodents had not been assessed. In a head-to-head comparison, we exposed young (4–5 months) and aged (19–20 months) male Sprague–Dawley rats to permanent distal MCAO....
Effect of environmental enrichment and isolation on behavioral and histological indices following focal ischemia in old ratsNARA Subscribed
Stroke is a disease of aging. In stroke patients, the enriched group that received stimulating physical, eating, socializing, and group activities resulted in higher activity levels including spending more time on upper limb, communal socializing, listening and iPad activities. While environmental enrichment has been shown to improve the behavioral outcome of stroke in young animals, the effect of an enriched environment on be...
Calorie restriction confers post-ischemic neuroprotection, when administered in a defined time window before ischemic stroke. How a hypocaloric diet influences stroke recovery when initiated after stroke has not been investigated. Male C57BL6/j mice were exposed to transient intraluminal middle cerebral artery occlusion. Immediately post-ischemia, mice were randomized to two groups receiving moderately hypocaloric (2286 kcal/k...
Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells markedly attenuated brain infarct size and improved neurological function in rats. The mechanisms for neuronal cell death have previously been defined in stress states to suggest that an influx of calcium ions into the neurons activates calpain cleavage of p35 into p25 forming a hyperactive complex that induces cell death. Now we report that p5, a 24-residue peptide derived from p35, offe...
Compromised Hippocampal Neuroplasticity in the Interferon-α and Toll-like Receptor-3 Activation-Induced Mouse Depression ModelNARA Subscribed
Disrupted neuronal plasticity due to subtle inflammation is considered to play a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder. Interferon-α (IFN-α) potentiates immune responses against viral pathogens that induce toll-like receptor-3 (TLR3) activation but evokes severe major depressive disorder in humans by mechanisms that remain insufficiently described. By using a previously established mouse model of de...