Fall armyworm , S. frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a highly invasive and polyphagous pest. The current study aims to utilize effective, environmentally friendly, and safer products for combatting insects while reducing the use of chemical agents. The toxicity of plant extracts (camphor, castor, and oleander), fungi ( T. harzianum ), and chemical control (emamectin benzoate) against the third larval instar of S. frugipe...

The aim of this study is to identify the hidden etiologies of the black chromo-shifting transient phenomenon affecting Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus , farmed in RAS-controlled ponds together with the assessment of the immunological reaction against the chronic irritating effects of the invasive agent. A total of 100 Nile Tilapia were collected from a private farm at Kafrelsheikh Province, located on the northern side of...