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Ten years have passed since the introduction of a standardized methodology for measuring consumption rates by animals in aquatic environments, known as “squidpops”. Its low-cost, easy-to-implement design made it an alternative for studies aiming to compare consumption rates across different scenarios. The objective of this review is to carry out a critical evaluation of squidpop studies over the past 10 years, examining the de...
Influence of field beans (Vicia faba L.) on yield and environmental footprint of following spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cropsNARA Subscribed
Background and Aims The urgent need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions has increased interest in legume-based cropping systems. Among the various crop-legume species available, the cool-season species Vicia faba L. (cv. minor; field beans) has attracted significant interest. Assessment of the environmental impact reduction of field beans in a crop-sequence (rotation) is understudied. Methods Data from a long term (2009–2023) f...
Full‐year in situ imaging reveals fine‐scale habitat differences among salp and doliolid life stagesNARA Subscribed
Doliolids and salps are pelagic tunicates that reproduce both asexually and sexually during their life history, occasionally forming massive blooms (> 1000 ind. m −3 ) that can clear large volumes of water daily. Although blooms of doliolids and salps are often associated with pulses of primary productivity, little is understood about their life history dynamics in response to the full range of oceanographic conditions they en...
Diversity and functional group composition drive biogeographic patterns in marine biogenic structural complexityNARA Subscribed
Biogenic structural complexity is a key driver of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, yet its ecological and environmental determinants remain poorly understood across broad biogeographic scales. Here, we conducted standardized 90‐day field experiments at 16 coastal sites, spanning a 41‐degree latitudinal gradient, using naturally assembled marine fouling communities on settlement panels. We measured rugosity as our metric...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
Response of Soil Chemistry to Long-Term Occupancy by Introduced Pinus Species in Hardwood ForestsNARA Subscribed
Conifers have been widely planted to stabilize soils and promote site recovery on former hardwood sites that were cleared for agriculture. Decades of confer occupancy may have lasting effects on nutrient availability, organic matter cycling, soil acidity, and soil buffering capacity. In many areas of eastern North America, conifer plantings consisted of non-native Pinus species planted on abandoned agricultural land that was o...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...
Transgenerational pathogen effects: Maternal pathogen exposure reduces offspring fitnessNARA Subscribed
Pathogens can alter the phenotype not only of exposed hosts, but also of future generations. Transgenerational immune priming, where parental infection drives reduced susceptibility of offspring, has been particularly well explored, but pathogens can also alter life history traits of offspring. Here, we examined the potential for transgenerational impacts of a microsporidian pathogen, Ordospora pajunii , by experimentally meas...
Motivation Here, we make available a second version of the BioTIME database, which compiles records of abundance estimates for species in sample events of ecological assemblages through time. The updated version expands version 1.0 of the database by doubling the number of studies and includes substantial additional curation to the taxonomic accuracy of the records, as well as the metadata. Moreover, we now provide an R packag...
Predicting the progression of MCI and Alzheimer’s disease on structural brain integrity and other features with machine learningNARA Subscribed
Machine learning (ML) on structural MRI data shows high potential for classifying Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression, but the specific contribution of brain regions, demographics, and proteinopathy remains unclear. Using Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) data, we applied an extreme gradient-boosting algorithm and SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) values to classify cognitively normal (CN) older adults, th...
Seagrass wasting disease prevalence and lesion area increase with invertebrate grazing across the northeastern PacificNARA Subscribed
Disease is a key driver of community and ecosystem structure, especially when it strikes foundation species. In the widespread marine foundation species eelgrass ( Zostera marina ), outbreaks of wasting disease have caused large‐scale meadow collapse in the past, and the causative pathogen, Labyrinthula zosterae , is commonly found in meadows globally. Research to date has mainly focused on abiotic environmental drivers of sea...
A Latitudinal Cline in the Taxonomic Structure of Eelgrass Epifaunal Communities is Associated With Plant Genetic DiversityNARA Subscribed
Aim Biogenic structural complexity increases mobile animal richness and abundance at local, regional and global scales, yet animal taxa vary in their response to complexity. When these taxa also vary functionally, habitat structures favouring certain taxa may have consequences for ecosystem function. We characterised global patterns of epifaunal invertebrates in eelgrass ( Zostera marina ) beds that varied in structural and ge...
Acute Administration of HIV-1 Tat Protein Drives Glutamatergic Alterations in a Rodent Model of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive DisordersNARA Subscribed
HIV-1-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) are a major comorbidity of HIV-1 infection, marked by impairment of executive function varying in severity. HAND affects nearly half of people living with HIV (PLWH), with mild forms predominating since the use of anti-retroviral therapies (ART). The HIV-1 transactivator of transcription (Tat) protein is found in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients adherent to ART, and its admin...
Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) and primary progressive apraxia of speech (PPAOS) are neurodegenerative syndromes characterized by progressive decline in language or speech. There is a growing number of studies investigating speech-language interventions for PPA/PPAOS. An updated systematic evaluation of the treatment evidence is warranted to inform best clinical practice and guide future treatment research. We systematicall...
Aim In northern environments, periods of isolation during Pleistocene glaciations and subsequent recolonization and secondary contact have had a significant influence on contemporary diversity of many species. The recent advent of high‐resolution genomic analyses allows unprecedented power to resolve genomic signatures of such events in northern species. Here, we provide the highest resolution genomic characterization of Atlan...