This study is the first comprehensive life cycle assessment (LCA) of reverse electrodialysis (RED), a technology that converts salinity gradient energy into electricity. Our goal is to identify RED system components of environmental concern and provide insights on potential environmental impacts. We conduct an attributional LCA of two RED scenarios: large‐scale energy generation from natural bodies of water and smaller‐scale e...

Organisms are locally adapted when members of a population have a fitness advantage in one location relative to conspecifics in other geographies. For example, across latitudinal gradients, some organisms may trade off between traits that maximize fitness components in one, but not both, of somatic maintenance or reproductive output. Latitudinal gradients in life history strategies are traditionally attributed to environmental...

Ecosystems containing multiple nonnative plant species are common, but mechanisms promoting their co‐occurrence are understudied. Plant–soil interactions contribute to the dominance of singleton species in nonnative ranges because many nonnatives experience stronger positive feedbacks relative to co‐occurring natives. Plant–soil interactions could impede other nonnatives if an individual nonnative benefits from its soil commun...

Asexual reproduction occurs widely in plants and animals, particularly in insects. Aphid species usually reproduce by cyclic parthenogenesis, but many species include obligate asexual lineages. We recently showed that the leaf‐curl plum aphid, Brachycaudus helichrysi, actually encompasses two lineages, B . helichrysi H1 and H2. Ecological data suggest that these lineages have different life cycles. We conducted a large populat...

Flavobacterium psychrophilum is the aetiologic agent of bacterial coldwater disease and rainbow trout fry syndrome. In this study, we compared a wild‐type strain (CSF 259‐93) with a rifampicin‐resistant strain and virulence‐attenuated strain of F. psychrophilum (CSF 259‐93B.17). The attenuated strain harboured a mutation in the rpoB gene consistent with resistance to rifampicin. Two‐dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophores...

Strawberry disease (SD) is an inflammatory skin disorder in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum). The aetiology of SD is unknown although the 16S rDNA sequence of a Rickettsia ‐like organism (RLO) has been associated with SD lesions using a nested PCR assay. In this study, we developed a Taqman quantitative PCR assay (qPCR) that targeted the RLO 16S rDNA sequence to examine the distribution of RLO relative to lesion st...

Red‐mark syndrome (RMS), a disease seen mostly in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss , is of unknown aetiology. The research presented here indicates the presence of an intracellular bacterium in RMS‐affected fish. A positive reaction was observed using immunohistochemistry (IHC) with skin lesions, liver, kidney and spleen of affected fish sampled from several locations within the United Kingdom using two different polyclonal...

Flavobacterium psychrophilum is the aetiological agent of rainbow trout fry syndrome and bacterial cold water disease. This study examined the genetic diversity of F. psychrophilum isolates retrieved from multiple epizootics at rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss , rearing facilities and from spawning coho salmon, O. kisutch . A total of 139 isolates were confirmed as F. psychrophilum by PCR assay and were further typed using p...