Among the well-known greenhouse gases (GHGs), nitrous oxide (N2O) is the third most impactful, possessing a global warming potential approximately 300 times greater than that of carbon dioxide (CO2) over a century. The distribution of N2O in aquatic environments exhibits notable spatial and temporal variations, and emissions remain inadequately constrained and underrepresented in global N2O emission inventories, particularly f...

This paper is the outcome of a workshop held in Rome in November 2011 on the occasion of the 25th anniversary of the POEM (Physical Oceanography of the Eastern Mediterranean) program. In the workshop discussions, a number of unresolved issues were identified for the physical and biogeochemical properties of the Mediterranean Sea as a whole, i.e., comprising the Western and Eastern sub-basins. Over the successive two years, the...

Nowadays Earth observation satellites provide information about many relevant variables of the ocean-climate system, such as temperature, moisture, aerosols, etc. However, to retrieve the velocity field, which is the most relevant dynamical variable, is still a technological challenge, specially in the case of oceans. New processing techniques, emerged from the theory of turbulent flows, have come to assist us in this task. In...

The structural evolution of the English Channel area is controlled by structure and particularly by the pre‐existing Cadomian and Variscan crustal discontinuities, which have been reactivated repeatedly in post‐Variscan times. They controlled the crustal subsidence that produced basin development in the Mesozoic, prior to the sea‐floor spreading in the North Atlantic region. They were then reactivated during the Cenozoic compr...