Hydrogel-forming microarray patches (MAPs) offer a minimally invasive platform for transdermal drug delivery, enabling systemic absorption of active pharmaceutical ingredients. Unlike dissolving MAPs, which deposit their entire polymer matrix into the skin, hydrogel-forming MAPs remain intact upon removal, reducing polymer exposure while delivering higher drug doses than dissolving or coated MAPs. Moreover, they have demonstra...

In a recent paper, “Environmental DNA: What's behind the term? Clarifying the terminology and recommendations for its future use in biomonitoring,” Pawlowski et al . argue that the term eDNA should be used to refer to the pool of DNA isolated from environmental samples, as opposed to only extra‐organismal DNA from macro‐organisms. We agree with this view. However, we are concerned that their proposed two‐level terminology spec...

The genomic revolution has fundamentally changed how we survey biodiversity on earth. High‐throughput sequencing (“ HTS ”) platforms now enable the rapid sequencing of DNA from diverse kinds of environmental samples (termed “environmental DNA ” or “ eDNA ”). Coupling HTS with our ability to associate sequences from eDNA with a taxonomic name is called “ eDNA metabarcoding” and offers a powerful molecular tool capable of noninv...

The relative importance of multiple vectors to the initial establishment, spread and population dynamics of invasive species remains poorly understood. This study used molecular methods to clarify the roles of commercial shipping and recreational boating in the invasion by the cosmopolitan tunicate, Botryllus schlosseri . We evaluated (i) single vs. multiple introduction scenarios, (ii) the relative importance of shipping and...

An ichthyoplankton survey was conducted at the periphery of Cabrera National Park (Balearic Islands, Western Mediterranean Sea) in July 2004, using bongo nets, fixed nets and collection of oceanographic data. This work focused on analysing the distribution of eggs and larval stages of some fishery‐targeted taxa ( Coris julis, Epinephelus spp. , Sciaena umbra and Scorpaena sp.) whose adult abundances and/or biomass are higher i...