Multiple sclerosis (MS) has conventionally been considered a prototypical autoimmune disorder. While modern immunotherapies effectively control relapsing conditions, they fail to avert progressive neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and remyelination failure. This review offers an evidence-based recontextualization. The pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis is multifactorial, resulting from the interaction of genetic predisposi...

Establishing a manufacturing period for concentrated beet juice is a promising strategy to increase the productivity of white sugar and address climatic variability. Key parameters including temperature and stabilization treatments are crucial to optimizing the storage process at a reasonable cost. To this end, a pilot-scale plant was built with 12 tanks, three levels of storage temperatures (15, 25, and 35 °C), and three disi...

Plant breeders of self-pollinated crops such as wheat often obtain huge number germplasms via hybridization programs. However, screening these germplasms to select the best ones, especially in terms of nitrogen (N) use efficiency, is not an easy task. Thus, the current study was designed to determine the significance of grain yield response index (GYRI) as a promising parameter versus the traditional agronomic traits to charac...

Osteoarthritis (OA), a degenerative joint condition, affects entire joints, including the tissues around it, causing pain, swelling and stiffness. This study explored the combined therapeutic effects of metformin and pravastatin on knee OA induced by monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) in rats. The study encompassed five animal groups ( n = 10 per group) which were allocated as follows: group 1 received 100 µL of sterile saline injec...

The study examines the impact of integrated biofloc technology (BFT), different salinity levels, and their combined effects over 90 days on various physiological parameters. The investigation includes growth performance and feed utilization, water quality, the chemical composition of biofloc and fish, digestive enzymes, reproductive performance, stress and biochemical indicators, and antioxidant-immune responses in red tilapia...

Estuaries are nutrient-rich environments characterized by a gradient in salinity due to the mixing of freshwater and seawater. These bodies of water play vital functions in nature and provide a wide variety of essential ecosystem services. In general, many natural and/or man-made activities have strongly stressed the Egyptian Nile estuarine habitats, as has the water shortage that was expected after the construction of the Gra...