Introduction Dietary exposure to melamine (MELA) adversely affects growth performance and intestinal health in Nile tilapia. This study evaluated the protective effects of Crataegus sinaica leaf extract (CSL) against MELA-induced toxicity. Methods In this study, a total of 240 fish (26.39 ± 0.22) were randomly assigned to four groups (60 fish/group; four replicates of 15 fish each). The control group received a basal diet, the...

The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in fish health, yet its diversity across life stages remains poorly understood, especially in juveniles. This study provides a comprehensive assessment of the gut microbiome in wild adult and juvenile Mugil cephalus from the Mediterranean estuary, Ashtum El-Gamil, Egypt, by integrating prokaryotic 16S and eukaryotic 18S rRNA gene metabarcoding with functional gene prediction. Gut bacteri...

This research investigates a sustainable method for bioethanol synthesis from ammonia-pretreated rice straw utilizing a CaO/Ag nanocatalyst. The addition of ammonia elevated the available cellulose level of rice straw from 37.7% to 55.87%, thereby improving its suitability for enzymatic hydrolysis. The fungal isolate Aspergillus terreus (At PP590607) and the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Sc OR668931) were utilized both separ...

Heavy metal contamination of aquatic environments threatens fish health and ecosystems. This review examines the bioaccumulation patterns, toxicity mechanisms, effects of oxidative stress, and histopathological changes induced by heavy metals in various fish species across different habitats. Important heavy metals, including mercury, cadmium, lead, arsenic, chromium, copper, and iron, are discussed. These metals can bioaccumu...

Alopecia intellectual disability syndromes 4 (APMR4) is a very rare autosomal recessive condition caused by a mutation in the LSS gene present on chromosome 21. This syndrome has a clinical heterogeneity mainly exhibited with variable degrees of intellectual disability (ID) and congenital alopecia, as well. Eight families with 13 cases have been previously reported. Herein, we provide a report on an Egyptian family with two af...

This study was conducted to evaluate the impact of human activities on the ecological health and food chain at the shores of four Nile Islands in Great Cairo including El-Qeratten, El-Waraq, El-Zamalek, and El-Manial. Water quality, bacteria, phytoplankton, benthic algae, zooplankton, macrobenthic invertebrates, and bony fishes were examined at each island shore over two seasons including the lowest and the highest flow (Febru...