Mate preference learning, where individuals learn to prefer or avoid specific phenotypes during mate selection, is pervasive across animal taxa and influences reproductive isolation and trait evolution. Despite its significance, the genetic basis underlying the associated valence attribution (whether to prefer or avoid) remains largely unclear. Both in terms of what genes are associated with attributing valence, and whether va...

Butterflies have evolved a remarkable diversity in eye organization to support a range of vision-based behaviors including courtship, oviposition, and foraging. This diversity has been surveyed extensively across the butterfly phylogeny, but variation across closely related species remains less clear. We compared eye organization in Heliconius cydno , a clade of mimetic, Neotropical butterflies that have been studied in the co...

Sexually dimorphic behaviour is pervasive across animals, with males and females exhibiting different mate selection, parental care, foraging, dispersal, and territorial strategies. However, the genetic underpinnings of sexually dimorphic behaviours are poorly understood. Here we investigate gene networks and expression patterns associated with sexually dimorphic imprinting‐like learning in the butterfly Bicyclus anynana . In...