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The emerging role of calsequestrin 2: from calcium sensor and modulator to arrhythmia driverNARA Subscribed
Calsequestrin 2 (CASQ2) has emerged as a central sensor and modulator of calcium (Ca 2+ ) dynamics in sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), influencing both health and disease. This review explores the molecular architecture and multifunctional roles of CASQ2, beginning with its domain organization and Ca 2+ -binding properties and detecting how its folding and supramolecular assembly modulate Ca 2+ storage and release within cardiac m...
Whole-exome sequencing in children with dyslexia implicates rare variants in CLDN3 and ion channel genesNARA Subscribed
Dyslexia is a specific difficulty in learning to read that affects 5–10% of school-aged children and is strongly influenced by genetic factors. While previous studies have identified common genetic variants associated with dyslexia, the role of rare variants has only recently begun to emerge from pedigree studies and has yet to be systematically tested in larger cohorts. Here, we present a whole-exome sequencing (WES) study of...
Some migratory procellariiform (tube nosed) seabirds can dive to depth yet the physiological mechanisms underpinning their dive performance remain poorly described. We compared dive capacity traits (total oxygen stores, theoretical aerobic dive limit ( t ADL) and muscle buffering) in three species of Procellariiformes that spanned a range of dive behaviour, i.e., grey-faced petrel ( Pterodroma gouldi , x̄ dive depth/duration:...
Contrasting Patterns of Genetic Isolation Among Diadromous, Landlocked, and Non‐Migratory Gobiid Fish PopulationsNARA Subscribed
Dams can landlock populations of amphidromous fishes that formerly migrated between rivers and seas. However, the genetic consequences of these life‐cycle changes remain unclear. Rhinogobius is a speciose genus of freshwater gobies widely distributed in Asia, including non‐migratory R. duospilus and facultatively amphidromous R. similis . Using genome‐wide SNPs from Hong Kong, southern China, we compared the genetic diversity...
Asynchrony in the dynamics of chironomids across six locations in northeastern IcelandNARA Subscribed
Simultaneously studying population dynamics at multiple locations can provide insights into the ecological processes shaping changes in the abundances of species. Here, we examine 18-year time series of abundances of non-biting midges (Diptera: Chironomidae) from window trap samples at five lakes in northeastern Iceland: Miklavatn, Sílalækjarvatn, Skjálftavatn, Víkingavatn, and Mývatn. The largest lake, Mývatn, consists of two...
Terrestrial environmental DNA survey substantially improves detection of satellite populations for an invasive insectNARA Subscribed
Early detection of satellite populations is essential for managing invasive species, but traditional methods often fall short when populations are sparse and widespread. We assessed the effectiveness of terrestrial environmental DNA (eDNA) surveys for detecting spotted lanternfly ( Lycorma delicatula ) along major highways in New York State, USA, a region at the invasion front in North America. Over 2 years, we sampled 83 site...
Mycorrhizal fungi form symbiotic relationships that are vital to nutrient and water acquisition by plants, with many mycorrhizal fungi requiring animal-mediated dispersal. Primary mycophagists often have relatively small home ranges, meaning fungal dispersal distances can be relatively short. However, fungal spores can be incidentally consumed and dispersed when a predator or scavenger eats mycophagous prey. These secondary co...
From Genes to Greens: How Diet, Climate and Phylogeny Shape Freshwater Turtle MicrobiotasNARA Subscribed
Reptile microbiotas remain poorly understood despite their importance for host ecology and evolution. This study investigated how diet, climate and evolutionary history shape the gut microbiota of 234 Australian freshwater turtles spanning 10 species, four climatic zones and contrasting trophic strategies. It was found that turtles' microbiotas were dominated by Pseudomonadota, Actinobacteriota and Bacteroidota. Microbial rich...
Purpose of Review This paper reviews the current understanding of the potential for humans to enter a state of torpor/hibernation, and discusses the possibility of inducing torpor in astronauts for long-duration space travel, including some of the physiological, technological, and ethical considerations associated with its implementation. By exploring means to induce torpor in various human organoid systems, we hope such resea...
A framework to inform economic valuation of non-use benefits from coral reef intervention effortsNARA Subscribed
Healthy coral reefs hold significant value to society, not just from industries such as tourism or fishing, but by their very existence. These so-called ‘non-use benefits’ are increasingly endangered as the health of coral reefs faces escalating threats from climate change. Yet, current observation and modelling tools that help guide reef intervention efforts typically do not provide guidance on how the impact of management ac...
Corporations and financial institutions driving coastal conflicts involving Indigenous PeoplesNARA Subscribed
Socio-environmental conflicts associated with large-scale economic projects in Indigenous territories are well documented, but conflicts in coastal areas remain largely unexplored, despite the crucial differences between inland and coastal ecosystems. While the empirical literature about socio-environmental conflicts in Indigenous territories in coastal areas is growing, the role of financial institutions and corporations in t...
Exposure-response relation for vibration-induced white finger: influence of different estimates of daily exposure timeNARA Subscribed
Purpose It is analyzed whether differences in how the daily usage time is determined in a population exposed to hand-transmitted vibration are the cause of discrepancies between exposure-response models constructed for vibration-induced white finger (VWF). The predictions of the models are then used to evaluate the one in ISO 5349-1:2001. Methods Pooled analyses employing data from epidemiologic studies of vibration-exposed oc...
Detecting the long‐term impacts of global change in marine communities and ecosystem functioning is a major scientific challenge that requires long‐term time series. Despite their high biodiversity and functional importance, temperate coastal ecosystems remain comparatively under‐represented in long‐term assessments of global change. Because their functioning relies on tight interactions between pelagic and benthic compartment...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...