Calsequestrin 2 (CASQ2) has emerged as a central sensor and modulator of calcium (Ca 2+ ) dynamics in sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), influencing both health and disease. This review explores the molecular architecture and multifunctional roles of CASQ2, beginning with its domain organization and Ca 2+ -binding properties and detecting how its folding and supramolecular assembly modulate Ca 2+ storage and release within cardiac m...

Three new isatin–pyridine-2-oxime hybrids (AM01–03) were synthesized and experimentally evaluated as reactivators of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibited by a surrogate of the nerve agent A-242, in comparison with their 4-oxime isomers previously reported by our research group. Furthermore, the interactions of these molecules within the AChE/A-242 complex were assessed through docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations....

Silymarin and L-carnitine are individually used in fish diets, yet whether they exert interactive or additive effects when combined remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the individual and combined impacts of dietary silymarin (S), L-carnitine (LC), and their combination (S + LC) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, antioxidant status, immune response, and gene expression in Nile tilapia. A total of 360...

This study evaluated the effects of biofloc technology (BFT) on male and female red tilapia ( Oreochromis spp.) broodstock over a long-term rearing period, focusing on the pre-spawning and spawning phases. A total of 1000 mixed-sex acclimated fingerlings (36.88 ± 3.44 g) to 18 parts per thousand salinity over 15 days were assigned to either BFT or clear water control tanks. During the pre-spawning phase, BFT enhanced water qua...