F. McCormick results 36
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In Sandy Substrates, Tidal Inundation Stimulates Plant Biomass Production Across Species: Implications for Wetland RestorationNARA Subscribed
Native wetland plantings are a critical part of tidal wetland restoration, serving common goals such as substrate stabilization and carbon storage, but there is insufficient guidance on selecting species based on site conditions (particularly tidal inundation and salinity). We used marsh organ elevation gradient platforms at mesohaline and oligohaline sites in a Chesapeake Bay (Maryland) subestuary to determine biomass and soi...
Mycorrhizal fungal associations of the fringed orchids (Platanthera) in the US, inter- and intra-species variationNARA Subscribed
Understanding which orchid mycorrhizal fungi (OMF) are needed to support orchid growth is critical for their conservation. We used DNA sequencing and network analysis of OMF collections from the North American Orchid Conservation Center, along with published sequences, to compare the OMF associated with 28 species and 4 natural hybrids in the genus Platanthera . We found that relatedness of orchid species was generally a poor...
Taxonomic ambiguity, frequent hybridization, and limited resolution of species boundaries continue to constrain orchid conservation strategies. In this study, we employed population genomic analyses across nine taxa of Platanthera native to eastern North America to critically reassess species boundaries and evaluate spatial patterns of genetic structure. Utilizing 3RADseq-derived SNP datasets, we delineated species limits, ide...
Strong hydrodynamic drivers of coral reef fish biodiversity on submerged pinnacle coral reefsNARA Subscribed
Hydrodynamic processes are important in all marine environments and on coral reefs drive patterns of habitat zonation, community structure, and biodiversity. Abrupt geomorphological features like pinnacles and seamounts often possess distinct localized currents and these habitats are also often characterized by high abundance and biomass of fishes. However, differences in fish community structure between pinnacles and emergent...
Prolonging survival in good health is a fundamental societal goal. However, the leading determinants of disability-free survival in healthy older people have not been well established. Data from ASPREE, a bi-national placebo-controlled trial of aspirin with 4.7 years median follow-up, was analysed. At enrolment, participants were healthy and without prior cardiovascular events, dementia or persistent physical disability. Disab...
Common, low-frequency, rare, and ultra-rare coding variants contribute to COVID-19 severityNARA Subscribed
The combined impact of common and rare exonic variants in COVID-19 host genetics is currently insufficiently understood. Here, common and rare variants from whole-exome sequencing data of about 4000 SARS-CoV-2-positive individuals were used to define an interpretable machine-learning model for predicting COVID-19 severity. First, variants were converted into separate sets of Boolean features, depending on the absence or the pr...
The influence of habitat association on swimming performance in marine teleost fish larvaeNARA Subscribed
Latitude and body size are generally considered key drivers of swimming performance for larval marine fishes, but evidence suggests that evolutionary relationships and habitat may also be important. We used a comparative phylogenetic framework, data synthesis and case study approach to investigate how swimming performance differs among larvae of fish species across latitude. First, we investigated how swimming performance chan...
Quantifying multiple pressure interactions affecting populations of a recreationally and commercially important freshwater fishNARA Subscribed
The expanding human global footprint and growing demand for freshwater have placed tremendous stress on inland aquatic ecosystems. Aichi Target 10 of the Convention on Biological Diversity aims to minimize anthropogenic pressures affecting vulnerable ecosystems, and pressure interactions are increasingly being incorporated into environmental management and climate change adaptation strategies. In this study, we explore how cli...
Spatial and Temporal Variation in Brackish Wetland Seedbanks: Implications for Wetland Restoration Following Phragmites ControlNARA Subscribed
Chesapeake Bay tidal wetlands are experiencing a broad-scale, aggressive invasion by the non-native, clonal grass Phragmites australis . The grass is often managed with herbicides in efforts to restore native plant communities and wildlife habitat. Management efforts, however, can act as a disturbance, resulting in increased light availability, potentially fostering reinvasion from soil seedbanks. If native vegetation establis...
Vegetative dormancy, that is the temporary absence of aboveground growth for ≥ 1 year, is paradoxical, because plants cannot photosynthesise or flower during dormant periods. We test ecological and evolutionary hypotheses for its widespread persistence. We show that dormancy has evolved numerous times. Most species displaying dormancy exhibit life‐history costs of sprouting, and of dormancy. Short‐lived and mycoheterotrophic s...
Evidence for episodic acidification effects on migrating Atlantic salmon Salmo salar smoltsNARA Subscribed
Field studies were conducted to determine levels of gill aluminium as an index of acidification effects on migrating Atlantic salmon Salmo salar smolts in the north‐eastern U.S.A. along mainstem river migration corridors in several major river basins. Smolts emigrating from the Connecticut River, where most (but not all) tributaries were well buffered, had low or undetectable levels of gill aluminium and high gill Na + /K + ‐...
Migratory patterns of hatchery and stream‐reared Atlantic salmon Salmo salar smolts in the Connecticut River, U.S.A.NARA Subscribed
The timing of downstream migration and detection rates of hatchery‐reared Atlantic salmon Salmo salar smolts and stream‐reared smolts (stocked 2 years earlier as fry) were examined in the Connecticut River (U.S.A.) using passive integrated transponder ( PIT ) tags implanted into fish and then detected at a downstream fish bypass collection facility at Turners Falls, MA (river length 192 km). In two successive years, hatchery‐r...
Limitations on orchid recruitment: not a simple pictureNARA Subscribed
Mycorrhizal fungi have substantial potential to influence plant distribution, especially in specialized orchids and mycoheterotrophic plants. However, little is known about environmental factors that influence the distribution of mycorrhizal fungi. Previous studies using seed packets have been unable to distinguish whether germination patterns resulted from the distribution of appropriate edaphic conditions or the distribution...