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Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
Seasonal water level fluctuations cause opposite changes in fish trophic dynamics in Amazonian black‐water and white‐water lakesNARA Subscribed
Amazonian floodplain lakes, distinguished by their water types, are crucial ecosystems for fish biodiversity. In these ecosystems, the annual hydrological cycle, known as the “flood pulse,” is the primary driving force for fish productivity, providing habitat and feeding opportunities. However, how seasonal water level changes affect fish assemblages and feeding guild responses in floodplains with varying watershed characteris...
Effect of climate change on potato yield and starch contentNARA Subscribed
Land use change threatens global biodiversity and compromises ecosystem functions, including pollination and food production. Reduced taxonomic α‐diversity is often reported under land use change, yet the impacts could be different at larger spatial scales (i.e., γ‐diversity), either due to reduced β‐diversity amplifying diversity loss or increased β‐diversity dampening diversity loss. Additionally, studies often focus on taxo...
Olieboomspoort is one of the few rock shelters in the vast interior of southern Africa documenting pulses of occupation from the Acheulean until the end of the Later Stone Age. Revil Mason excavated the site in 1954 and attributed the large Middle Stone Age (MSA) lithic assemblage to his middle phase of the so-called Pietersburg Industry. Recent work at the site has focused on the Holocene layers, but little is known about the...
Global distribution of IRC7 alleles in Saccharomyces cerevisiae populations: a genomic and phenotypic survey within the wine cladeNARA Subscribed
Summary The adaptation to the different biotic and abiotic factors of wine fermentation has led to the accumulation of numerous genomic hallmarks in Saccharomyces cerevisiae wine strains. IRC7 , a gene encoding a cysteine‐S‐β‐lyase enzyme related volatile thiols production in wines, has two alleles: a full‐length allele ( IRC7 F ) and a mutated one ( IRC7 S ), harbouring a 38 bp‐deletion. Interestingly, IRC7 S ‐encoding a less...
Summary Wild birds have been suggested to be reservoirs of antimicrobial resistant and/or pathogenic Enterococcus faecalis ( Efs ) strains, but the scarcity of studies and available sequences limit our understanding of the population structure of the species in these hosts. Here, we analysed the clonal and plasmid diversity of 97 Efs isolates from wild migratory birds. We found a high diversity, with most sequence types (STs)...
Assessing uncertainties in crop and pasture ensemble model simulations of productivity and N 2 O emissionsNARA Subscribed
Simulation models are extensively used to predict agricultural productivity and greenhouse gas emissions. However, the uncertainties of (reduced) model ensemble simulations have not been assessed systematically for variables affecting food security and climate change mitigation, within multi‐species agricultural contexts. We report an international model comparison and benchmarking exercise, showing the potential of multi‐mode...