Numerical simulations are conducted to investigate the near-bed flow behaviors of submarine canyons with periodic ridge-valley topography on continental slopes. In the numerical simulation, two topographic parameters are defined: α represents the basal slope angle of the continental slope, and β denotes the side slope angle of the submarine canyon. The topographic modulation of these two parameters on near-bed flow velocity an...

Aims The latitudinal diversity gradient (LDG), a foundational pattern describing increasing biodiversity towards the Equator, has been extensively documented for aboveground organisms. However, whether this pattern holds for belowground biodiversity, the largest component of Earth's biodiversity remains unclear. Location Globe. Time Period Present. Major Taxa Studies Soil Archaea, Bacteria, Fungi, Protists, and Invertebrates....