We analysed a 50‐year dataset of avian species observations to determine how richness and community composition varied over a period of landscape‐scale environmental change. Our study area, northern lower Michigan, has experienced substantial land‐use and land‐cover change over time. Like much of the northern Midwest, it has shifted from a largely unpopulated, post‐logging shrubland to a moderately populated closed‐canopy fore...

Managers of upland forest generally operate with the assumption that leaving residual timber in clearcuts is beneficial for wildlife. Our primary objective in this study was to evaluate the contribution of residual patches to forest birds by (1) characterizing differences in components of bird diversity between clearcuts with and without residual patches, (2) characterizing differences in components of bird diversity between r...