Purpose This study aims to explore environmental factors associated with parasite infections in faecal samples collected from wild boar populations, by analysing the prevalence, intensity, and abundance of parasite communities across two Italian ecosystems: the alpine environment in the Orco Valley (Gran Paradiso National Park) and the Mediterranean lowland in the Maremma Regional Park. Methods Seasonal faecal samples were col...

Solar activity presents a critical, modern threat to Geodesy, a discipline dependent on dedicated missions data and high-precision global navigation satellite system. This paper reviews key solar phenomena, as flares, coronal mass ejections, and high-speed solar wind streams, that perturb the near-Earth space environment. We analyze the resulting degradation across two key areas: satellite orbits and signal quality. First, ver...

Repeated adaptation provides valuable insights into the predictability of evolution. Population history, selection and stochastic processes can concur to generate a continuum from distinct to highly parallel evolutionary trajectories across replicate populations. Yet, the role of genetic and environmental factors in shaping this continuum remains underexplored. We quantified repeated genetic adaptation in lizards that colonise...

This article presents a concise overview of research developments and advancements in space weather and space climate, with a specific focus on the significant contributions made by members of the Italian Space Weather Community (SWICo). We highlight their achievements in instrument development, observational techniques, and modeling. Furthermore, we introduce a special collection of papers within this journal, entitled “Front...

To investigate the statistical properties of the photospheric magnetic fields underlying coronal holes (CHs) and “normal” coronal regions a classical technique, the signed measure, is used. This technique allows to characterize the scaling behavior and the topology of sign-oscillating magnetic structures in selected regions of line of sigth (LoS) magnetograms recorded by the Heliosismic Magnetic Imager on board of the Solar Dy...

Solar activity affects the heliosphere in different ways. Variations in particles and radiation that impact the Earth’s atmosphere, climate, and human activities often in disruptive ways. Consequently, the ability to forecast solar activity across different temporal scales is gaining increasing significance. In this study, we present predictions for solar cycle 25 of three solar activity indicators: the core-to-wing ratio of M...