Offshore wind energy droughts are quantified at eight strategic sites using a Standardized Renewable Energy Production Index referenced to an 86-year-ERA5 baseline. Events are extracted via multi-threshold run theory and projected to 2100 using bias-corrected CMIP6 models under SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5. Drought climatology shows that mean drought duration and severity exhibit spatial heterogeneity, peaking in the Aegean–Cretan se...

This study presents a comprehensive assessment of historical and projected variability in the wind climate over Ireland and its adjacent marine regions, including the North Atlantic Ocean, Irish Sea, and Celtic Sea. First, the long-term wind characteristics are examined using the ERA5 reanalysis dataset for the historical period (1979–2008), followed by an evaluation of five CMIP6 Global Climate Models (GCMs) to determine thei...

The main objective of the present study is to provide a comprehensive image of the expected wind patterns along the 21st century in the Black Sea using the wind fields simulated by Regional Climate Model (RCM), namely Rossby Centre regional atmospheric model (version RCA4). Long‐term averages, long‐term variability, and long‐term trends in wind characteristics over the Black Sea are evaluated in two future time slices (near fu...