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The Sudd is the largest tropical wetland in the world, and its ecosystem services are fundamental to the livelihoods, well-being, and cultural systems of communities living within the region. Although human adaptation to seasonal flooding has long been a defining feature of socio-ecological interactions in the Sudd, changing flood dynamics increasingly challenge existing adaptation pathways. This study investigates the changin...
Background and aims Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) supplies much of soybean ( Glycine max (L.) Merr.) nitrogen (N) demand, but reported fixation rates vary widely, leading to uncertainty in the soybean N cycle. We quantified whole-plant soybean BNF and N allocation using long-term 15 N labeling to assess whether BNF can offset grain N removal in a high-yielding system, and to quantify root contributions to fixed N. Methods...
Ethics in archaeobotany: identifying current issues and initiating a declaration of principlesNARA Subscribed
This article presents the first systematic assessment of ethical concerns specific to archaeobotanical research, focusing on principles and values. Conducted by an international group of archaeobotanists, the study used an anonymous online survey to document experiences and perceptions within the archaeobotanical community with the aim of raising awareness, identifying prevalent good practices and noting points for improvement...
Carbon source and weather in coastal North CarolinaNARA Subscribed
The increasing frequency of extreme weather events, including tropical cyclones, is altering the delivery and quality of organic matter (OM) exported from landscapes to estuaries. However, the mechanisms regulating these shifts, especially during multi‐year climatic oscillations, remain poorly understood. We used a new fluorescence–based mixing model to estimate dissolved OM (DOM) sources to the Neuse River Estuary, during a d...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...
Experimental Immigration Mediates Ecological Selection and Drift in Monarch Microbiome AssemblyNARA Subscribed
The distribution of biodiversity depends on processes operating across scales, yet multiscale paradigms have struggled to permeate host‐microbiome research. Instead, host‐microbiome research has focused on host selection and has struggled to explain the high variation in microbial composition across individuals. By integrating multi‐scale ecological theory with experimental manipulation of bacteria colonizing monarch butterfly...
Synthesis, Characterization, and Use of Magnesium-Activated Biochar for Nitrate Removal from Aqueous SolutionsNARA Subscribed
Highlights Premodification of biochar with metal salts can be an effective strategy to prepare effective adsorbents. Extensive physicochemical and structural characterizations were performed to delineate the properties of magnesium-modified biochar. Magnesium improved the physical and surface characteristics of the biochar. Magnesium-loaded biochar demonstrated promising potential as an adsorbent for nitrate. Multiple pathways...
A balanced approach to the potential of octopus aquacultureNARA Subscribed
The red seaweed Asparagopsis armata presents a promising solution to reducing methane production in ruminant livestock when included in their daily diet. To effectively address these emissions from ruminants in an effort to meet crucial climate targets, the development of efficient cultivation methods for the large‐scale aquaculture of this species is imperative. This study examined the effects of water motion, specifically th...
Accumulating evidence has revealed the existence of functional astrocyte-neuron communication based on the ability of astrocytes to respond to neurotransmitters and release gliotransmitters. However, little is known about how other signaling molecules, such as hormones, impact astrocyte function. Estradiol (E2) is an important hormone known to regulate neuronal activity, synaptic transmission, plasticity, and animal behavior....
The effect of clay type on the toxicity of carbendazim and imidacloprid to the earthworm Eisenia andrei in artificial soilsNARA Subscribed
In Europe, the risk assessment of pesticides to soils organisms is based on standardized laboratory toxicity tests using artificial soil containing kaolin clay. However, kaolin is not the most representative clay type for European agricultural soils, and its use may affect the bioavailability and toxicity of pesticides, potentially leading to an underestimation of the actual risk to soil organisms. In this study, reproduction...
Fish meal (FM) and fish oil (FO) are vital components commonly used in feed formulations. However, their supply, which generally comes from capture fisheries, is being exhausted, necessitating the exploration of sustainable alternatives. In a two-part study, the first part evaluated the FM and FO derived from smoked salmon by-product (SSBP) over a 12-week accelerated shelf-life test, comparing their lipid oxidation, amino acid...
Predicting the progression of MCI and Alzheimer’s disease on structural brain integrity and other features with machine learningNARA Subscribed
Machine learning (ML) on structural MRI data shows high potential for classifying Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression, but the specific contribution of brain regions, demographics, and proteinopathy remains unclear. Using Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) data, we applied an extreme gradient-boosting algorithm and SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) values to classify cognitively normal (CN) older adults, th...