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Mite domatia — small structures on plant leaves that house mutualistic mites — are widespread across plants yet remain relatively understudied. Here we investigate the chemistry and micromorphology of mite domatia across sympatric species of broadleaf deciduous woody species that have convergently evolved tuft-form mite domatia. Specifically, we test whether domatia display similar micromorphological and chemical properties us...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
This study investigates the effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of atrazine and fluoxetine, both individually and in combination, on aggressive behavior in male Betta splendens (B. splendens). Controlled behavioral assays were used to test the hypothesis that both individual and combined exposures would alter aggressive behavior, primarily by delaying the initiation of aggression and reducing the duration of spe...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...
Numerous sex/gender differences in the human brain have been documented, including anatomical differences and differences in structural and functional connectivity, but many of these differences are critically sensitive to methodology and many are eliminated if total brain volume is controlled for. In this study, evidence is provided for a sex/gender difference in brain network dynamics during resting state inferred from edge...
Repetition and order of exposure to salinization and nutrient enrichment drive freshwater microbial community responsesNARA Subscribed
Biological systems face multiple stressors that impact biodiversity and ecosystem functions, with complex interactions that vary spatially and temporally leading to unpredictable outcomes. In freshwater ecosystems, benthic microbial communities underpin vital functions like decomposition and primary productivity, but are threatened by stressors such as salinization and nutrient enrichment, which are intensifying and increasing...
Combined Evidence Reveals the Origin of a Rapid Range Expansion Despite Retained Genetic Diversity and a Weak Founder EffectNARA Subscribed
Many species are currently experiencing range shifts in response to changing environmental conditions with potentially serious genetic consequences. Repeated founder events and strong genetic drift are expected to erode genetic variation at the range front, reducing adaptive potential and slowing or even halting the expansion. However, the severity of these consequences for common and highly mobile species undergoing environme...