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Listening in Spatialized Noise–Sentences (LiSN-S) as a Measure of Auditory Function in Friedreich AtaxiaNARA Subscribed
Auditory dysfunction is a clinically significant component of Friedreich ataxia (FRDA), but its features are not readily captured in standard audiology. We examined the Listening in Spatialized Noise–Sentences (LiSN-S) test as a measure of auditory function in a large cohort of subjects with this disease. Methods: We examined 101 individuals with FRDA with the LiSN -S, compared the results with 38 controls, and correlated resu...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
Key message Sparse testcrossing with 3-5 testers enhances genetic gain in hybrid breeding programs , offering a practical balance of simple testcross designs , resource efficiency , and increased prediction accuracy for general combining ability. Abstract Sparse testcrossing is an effective strategy for increasing both short- and long-term genetic gain in hybrid breeding programs. Maize hybrid breeding programs aim to develop...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...
Supine-dependent OSA is a well-recognised OSA phenotype and may relate to craniofacial structure. Our aim was to assess whether craniofacial photos are able to identify positional OSA, specifically supine-isolated OSA, in comparison to non-positional OSA. Frontal and profile craniofacial photographs of participants were acquired according to a standardised protocol. Photographs were analysed and compared between non-positional...
Background Cachexia accounts for about 20% of all cancer-related deaths and it is indicative of poor prognosis and progressive functional impairment. The role of the gut microbiome in the development of cachexia in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients has not been established. Methods Pre-surgical stool samples from n = 103 stage I–III CRC patients in the ColoCare Study were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing (Illumina) to ch...
Despite extensive research on life-extending interventions, rigorous statistical techniques to determine their impact on compression of morbidity (CoM) are rarely used. We present a case example of an analytical method for examining the effect of life-extending dietary interventions on CoM by comparing the rates of decline in vitality and survival toward the end of life. Using data from previous experimental studies in mice, w...