Gregory Collins results 31
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What’s inside the net? insights into fish bycatch diversity in the Antarctic krill fisheryNARA Subscribed
An ecosystem-based approach to fishery management requires, inter alia, knowledge of fishery impacts on both target and non-target species, as well as the wider ecosystem. To support management of the Antarctic krill fishery, we present a robust reference dataset for identifying fish species caught as bycatch. By combining morphological and molecular taxonomic identification, 53 fish species in 44 genera and 11 families were c...
Marine megafauna species are affected by a wide range of anthropogenic threats. To evaluate the risk of such threats, species’ vulnerability to each threat must first be determined. We build on the existing threats classification scheme and ranking system of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species by assessing the vulnerability of 256 marine megafauna species to 23 at‐sea threat...
SNAPSHOT USA 2021: A third coordinated national camera trap survey of the U nited S tatesNARA Subscribed
SNAPSHOT USA is a multicontributor, long‐term camera trap survey designed to survey mammals across the United States. Participants are recruited through community networks and directly through a website application ( https://www.snapshot-usa.org/ ). The growing Snapshot dataset is useful, for example, for tracking wildlife population responses to land use, land cover, and climate changes across spatial and temporal scales. Her...
There is growing recognition that a better understanding of how food systems respond to crises is critical to build and protect the food security of local populations. But rigorous and reliable methods to measure food system resilience are still missing. In this paper, we build on the current literature to develop an analytical framework aimed at assessing the resilience of food systems at local level. The novel element of the...
Firefly flashes are well-known visual signals used by these insects to find, identify, and choose mates. However, many firefly species have lost the ability to produce light as adults. These “unlighted” species generally lack developed adult light organs, are diurnal rather than nocturnal, and are believed to use volatile pheromones acting over a distance to locate mates. While cuticular hydrocarbons, which may function in mat...
Common, low-frequency, rare, and ultra-rare coding variants contribute to COVID-19 severityNARA Subscribed
The combined impact of common and rare exonic variants in COVID-19 host genetics is currently insufficiently understood. Here, common and rare variants from whole-exome sequencing data of about 4000 SARS-CoV-2-positive individuals were used to define an interpretable machine-learning model for predicting COVID-19 severity. First, variants were converted into separate sets of Boolean features, depending on the absence or the pr...
Nitrogen addition amplifies the nonlinear drought response of grassland productivity to extended growing‐season droughtsNARA Subscribed
Understanding the response of grassland production and carbon exchange to intra‐annual variation in precipitation and nitrogen addition is critical for sustainable grassland management and ecosystem restoration. We introduced growing‐season drought treatments of different lengths (15, 30, 45 and 60 d drought) by delaying growing‐season precipitation in a long‐term nitrogen addition experiment in a low diversity meadow steppe i...
Primary production, a key regulator of the global carbon cycle, is highly responsive to variations in climate. Yet, a detailed, continental‐scale risk assessment of climate‐related impacts on primary production is lacking. We combined 16 years of MODIS NDVI data, a remotely sensed proxy for primary production, with observations from 1218 climate stations to derive values of ecosystem sensitivity to precipitation and aridity. F...
TRY plant trait database – enhanced coverage and open accessNARA Subscribed
Plant traits—the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants—determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodivers...
Climate sensitivity functions and net primary production: A framework for incorporating climate mean and variabilityNARA Subscribed
Understanding controls on net primary production ( NPP ) has been a long‐standing goal in ecology. Climate is a well‐known control on NPP , although the temporal differences among years within a site are often weaker than the spatial pattern of differences across sites. Climate sensitivity functions describe the relationship between an ecological response (e.g., NPP ) and both the mean and variance of its climate driver (e.g.,...
Temporal stability of ecosystem functioning increases the predictability and reliability of ecosystem services, and understanding the drivers of stability across spatial scales is important for land management and policy decisions. We used species‐level abundance data from 62 plant communities across five continents to assess mechanisms of temporal stability across spatial scales. We assessed how asynchrony (i.e. different uni...
Three different [ NiFe ] hydrogenases confer metabolic flexibility in the obligate aerobe M ycobacterium smegmatisNARA Subscribed
Summary M ycobacterium smegmatis is an obligate aerobe that harbours three predicted [ NiFe ] hydrogenases, Hyd 1 ( MSMEG _2262–2263), Hyd 2 ( MSMEG _2720‐2719) and Hyd 3 ( MSMEG _3931‐3928). We show here that these three enzymes differ in their phylogeny, regulation and catalytic activity. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that Hyd 1 groups with hydrogenases that oxidize H 2 produced by metabolic processes, and Hyd 2 is homologo...