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Wind dispersed tree species have greater maximum heightNARA Subscribed
Aim We test the hypothesis that wind dispersal is more common among emergent tree species given that being tall increases the likelihood of effective seed dispersal. Location Americas, Africa and the Asia‐Pacific. Time period 1970–2020. Major taxa studied Gymnosperms and Angiosperms. Methods We used a dataset consisting of tree inventories from 2821 plots across three biogeographic regions (Americas, Africa and Asia‐Pacific),...
Shallow roots of different crops have greater water uptake rates per unit length than deep roots in well-watered soilNARA Subscribed
Purpose Commonly, root length distributions are used as a first approximation of root water uptake profiles. In this study we want to test the underlying hypothesis of a constant water uptake rate per unit root length over depth. Methods Root water uptake profiles were measured using a novel sensor technology. Root length was measured with MRI and by scanning harvested roots. Experiments were performed with pot-grown barley (...
MetaPhenomics: quantifying the many ways plants respond to their abiotic environment, using light intensity as an exampleNARA Subscribed
Thousands of scientific papers have described how plants responded to different levels of a given environmental factor, for a wide variety of physiological processes and morphological, anatomical or chemical characteristics. There is a clear need to summarize this information in a structured and comparable way through meta-analysis. This paper describes how to use relative trait responses from many independent experiments to c...
Global root traits (GRooT) databaseNARA Subscribed
Motivation Trait data are fundamental to the quantitative description of plant form and function. Although root traits capture key dimensions related to plant responses to changing environmental conditions and effects on ecosystem processes, they have rarely been included in large‐scale comparative studies and global models. For instance, root traits remain absent from nearly all studies that define the global spectrum of plan...
TRY plant trait database – enhanced coverage and open accessNARA Subscribed
Plant traits—the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants—determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodivers...
How are nitrogen availability, fine‐root mass, and nitrogen uptake related empirically? Implications for models and theoryNARA Subscribed
Understanding the effects of global change in terrestrial communities requires an understanding of how limiting resources interact with plant traits to affect productivity. Here, we focus on nitrogen and ask whether plant community nitrogen uptake rate is determined (a) by nitrogen availability alone or (b) by the product of nitrogen availability and fine‐root mass. Surprisingly, this is not empirically resolved. We performed...
The anatomical and compositional basis of leaf mass per areaNARA Subscribed
Leaf dry mass per unit leaf area (LMA) is a central trait in ecology, but its anatomical and compositional basis has been unclear. An explicit mathematical and physical framework for quantifying the cell and tissue determinants of LMA will enable tests of their influence on species, communities and ecosystems. We present an approach to explaining LMA from the numbers, dimensions and mass densities of leaf cells and tissues, wh...
The effects of phenotypic plasticity and local adaptation on forecasts of species range shifts under climate changeNARA Subscribed
Species are the unit of analysis in many global change and conservation biology studies; however, species are not uniform entities but are composed of different, sometimes locally adapted, populations differing in plasticity. We examined how intraspecific variation in thermal niches and phenotypic plasticity will affect species distributions in a warming climate. We first developed a conceptual model linking plasticity and nic...
Sphagnum cuspidatum , S. magellanicum and S. rubellum are three co‐occurring peat mosses, which naturally have a different distribution along the microtopographical gradient of the surface of peatlands. We set out an experiment to assess the interactive effects of water table (low: −10 cm and high: −1 cm) and precipitation (present or absent) on the CO 2 assimilation and evaporation of these species over a 23‐day period. Addit...
Aim Our aim was to quantify climatic influences on key leaf traits and relationships at the global scale. This knowledge provides insight into how plants have adapted to different environmental pressures, and will lead to better calibration of future vegetation–climate models. Location The data set represents vegetation from 175 sites around the world. Methods For more than 2500 vascular plant species, we compiled data on leaf...
Do slow‐growing species and nutrient‐stressed plants respond relatively strongly to elevated CO 2 ?NARA Subscribed
Mainly based on a simulation model, Lloyd & Farquhar (1996 ; Functional Ecology , 10, 4–32) predict that inherently slow‐growing species and nutrient‐stressed plants show a relatively strong growth response to an increased atmospheric CO 2 concentration. Compiling published experiments, I conclude that these predictions are not supported by the available data. On average, inherently fast‐growing species are stimulated proporti...
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