In the Mahanadi Basin (Site U1445), the mean δ13CSOM (i.e., δ13C of sedimentary organic matter) value is consistently higher during the glacial periods (–18.8‰) than during the interglacial periods (–19.4‰), which implies either more deposition of terrestrial organic matter from C4 plants or increased marine primary production (MPP). We attempted to quantify the relative contributions of organic matter by C3 plant, C4 plant, a...

Background Peptide drugs occupy an intermediate position between small-molecule drugs and biologics in terms of molecular size and structural complexity. Owing to their unique characteristics, they face regulatory challenges for quality assessment and control, as existing regulatory frameworks for small molecules and biologics are not fully applicable to peptide drugs. To address these challenges, regulatory agencies and pharm...

This study explores the dynamics of protist communities in the northeastern East China Sea (ECS) focusing on their responses to changing water masses and oceanographic conditions during spring, summer, and autumn in 2023. Water masses were classified using K-means clustering based on physico-chemical parameters, revealing significant seasonal variation. Protist community spatial, temporal, and vertical distributions were analy...