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Global analyses of leaf size suggest that large leaves predominate in favourably warm and wet climates, and small leaves occur at climatic extremes. However, these patterns are dominated by data from angiosperms and may obscure drivers of leaf size variation in older, less speciose groups, such as conifers. Here we employ a novel modelling framework, multi‐response phylogenetic mixed models (MRPMM), that identifies trait corre...
Modeling of gene regulatory networks: an annotated glossaryNARA Subscribed
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...
Mussels enhance digestive enzyme activity in preparation for stressful fluctuating environmentsNARA Subscribed
Elevated heat and low phytoplankton abundance are physiologically and ecologically challenging marine organisms of the northeast Pacific, including the mussel Mytilus californianus . During low tide, mussels are exposed to warm air and undergo anaerobic metabolism. Tidal variation coincides with daily fluctuations in food availability requiring flexible response systems (e.g., changes in digestive enzyme activity) to maintain...
Marine megafauna species are affected by a wide range of anthropogenic threats. To evaluate the risk of such threats, species’ vulnerability to each threat must first be determined. We build on the existing threats classification scheme and ranking system of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species by assessing the vulnerability of 256 marine megafauna species to 23 at‐sea threat...
Larval development in marine fish is a critical phase for aquaculture, as morphological and physiological changes during early ontogeny largely determine survival and subsequent performance. Paralabrax humeralis , a serranid species from the southeastern Pacific, has potential for aquaculture diversification in northern Chile; however, information on its early developmental biology and allometric growth under culture condition...
This study evaluated the feasibility of culturing Seriola lalandi in a low-cost recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) in an arid region of northern Chile, aiming to establish strategies for broodstock farming and diversify national aquaculture. The system was designed as a low-cost recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) built with locally available materials, such as galvanized corrugated steel panels and flexible plastic lin...
Evolutionary History and Vocal Differentiation in Two Cryptic Neotropical Suboscines ( Pseudocolopteryx citreola and P. flaviventris )NARA Subscribed
The speciose family Tyrannidae harbours numerous morphologically cryptic species that differ most notably in their innate vocalisations. Among these, five belong to the Neotropical genus Pseudocolopteryx , including a pair of cryptic sister species, P. flaviventris and P. citreola , which differ markedly in vocalisations and exhibit an extremely low mitochondrial divergence. Using genome‐wide ddRADseq data, we reconstructed ph...
An Efficient Organoid Cutting Method for Long-Term Culture and High-Throughput AnalysesNARA Subscribed
Background: Human organoid models are invaluable for developmental studies, disease modeling, and personalized medicine research. However, long-term maintenance is challenging due to hypoxia and nutrient limitations as organoids grow. Cutting organoids improves viability, but current methods have low throughput and are prone to causing culture contamination. This study introduces an efficient organoid cutting method to enhance...
The genetic architecture of temperature-induced partial fertility restoration in A1 cytoplasm in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench)NARA Subscribed
Key message High-temperature-induced partial fertility in CMS sorghum is controlled by multiple genes that are distinct from genes involved in fertility restoration, contributing to reduced diversity in elite females. Abstract Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is used for commercial production of hybrid seed in sorghum. CMS-based hybrid breeding systems require female parental lines (CMS lines) to remain male sterile to prevent...
Feeding microalgae during the larval and post-larval stages of bivalve mollusks is necessary to overcome the high mortality rates that occur during metamorphosis. Proper selection of the microalgae species and strain to be used by considering its nutritional value, cell density, culture time, and type of culture system to improve bivalve productivity is of high importance. In this study a microalgae recirculating culture syste...
Predicting the progression of MCI and Alzheimer’s disease on structural brain integrity and other features with machine learningNARA Subscribed
Machine learning (ML) on structural MRI data shows high potential for classifying Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression, but the specific contribution of brain regions, demographics, and proteinopathy remains unclear. Using Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) data, we applied an extreme gradient-boosting algorithm and SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) values to classify cognitively normal (CN) older adults, th...