The aurochs, the wild ancestor of domestic cattle, was a keystone herbivore in Late Pleistocene Eurasian ecosystems and a major prey species for Palaeolithic hunter‐gatherers. Despite its significance, the genetic structure of aurochs populations that survived the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) remains poorly understood, especially in southeastern Europe. Here, we present the first directly dated ancient genomes of aurochs from th...