Predator risk effects on prey can cascade through food webs and influence ecosystem state via trait-mediated indirect effects (TMIEs). Predicting when these interactions occur and whether they produce community-level effects requires understanding the cues prey respond to, how responses vary with prey attributes and environmental context, and how these components interact. In kelp forest ecosystems, changes in sea urchin forag...

Microbial symbionts influence ecological and evolutionary processes in their multicellular hosts; yet they remain poorly characterised in marine systems. Sponges host exceptionally diverse microbiomes, potentially providing rich microbial reservoirs for their residents. The tusked goby ( Risor ruber ), an obligate sponge‐dweller, and its sponge hosts provide an ideal model to investigate the causes and consequences of shared m...

Pollinator communities in urban and peri-urban turfgrass remain poorly characterized despite the ubiquity of lawns and growing interest in management practices that enhance floral resources within these otherwise resource-limited environments. To address this gap, we evaluated the effectiveness of active (sweep netting at multiple times of day) and passive (molasses traps and blue, white, and yellow pan traps) sampling methods...

Aims Potassium (K) nutrition is essential in grasslands, but soil K buffering capacity is highly soil-specific, making generic fertiliser recommendations challenging. Highly K-buffered soils have a greater capacity to store and resupply exchangeable K, often resulting in minimal observable changes in soil test K (STK) in response to applications of mineral fertiliser K (MNK). Conversely, low K-buffered soils typically show gre...

Biogenic structural complexity is a key driver of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, yet its ecological and environmental determinants remain poorly understood across broad biogeographic scales. Here, we conducted standardized 90‐day field experiments at 16 coastal sites, spanning a 41‐degree latitudinal gradient, using naturally assembled marine fouling communities on settlement panels. We measured rugosity as our metric...

Within the bovine immune response, a distinct type of immunoglobulin (Ig), known as ultralong complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) antibodies, coexists alongside canonical Igs. These ultralong heavy chains (HC) feature a remarkable structure with a lengthened CDR3 of the heavy chain (CDR H3), allowing them to adopt either a smaller and more extended paratope than canonical antibodies. However, very little is known about...

Aim African freshwater fishes serve as important biogeographical indicators of geomorphological and hydrological history across the continent. However, research focusing on the phylogeny, biogeography and diversification of African fishes, particularly in central Africa, is relatively scarce. Here, we evaluate three geological hypotheses regarding the formation of the contemporary Congo basin: (1) the dominance of the Ogooué a...