Keymessage Standardized microhaplotype databases for eight diverse crops enable multiallelic analyses, comparative genetics, and breeding decisions. Abstract Microhaplotypes are short genomic segments that contain multiple tightly linked variants, providing multi-allelic data that can enhance genetic resolution compared to traditional biallelic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Here, we present the creation and uti...

The Kulanaokuaiki Tephra Unit 3 (900 C.E.) was a subplinian basaltic scoria eruption, the largest known to have occurred at Kīlauea’s summit. The initiation mechanism and cause(s) of this highly hazardous eruption remain poorly understood, particularly as this style of activity has not been observed in the modern period. We use olivine diffusion timescales from Fe-Mg and lithium zoning to assess magma storage timescales and ev...

Constraints can be placed on the formation conditions of (Mg,Fe) X O ferropericlase inclusions in natural diamonds based on their Fe 3+ contents, given suitable knowledge of how these contents change with pressure, temperature, composition and oxygen fugacity. To achieve this, experiments have been conducted to determine the maximum Fe 3+ /Fe tot ratio in ferropericlase, controlled by its coexistence with magnetite–magnesiofer...