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Heterogeneity in the association between APOE ε4 carrier status and dementia risk by modifiable and non-modifiable risk factorsNARA Subscribed
Dementia is a major public health challenge, and Apolipoprotein E ( APOE ) ε4 is strongly associated with all-cause dementia, particularly Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We aim to quantify the overall contribution of modifiable lifestyle, adiposity, socioeconomic status (SES), and health conditions occurring before dementia, to the association between ε4 genotype and the development of all-cause dementia, with AD examined as a majo...
Aim Prevailing ecological theory predicts that species should shift poleward in latitude as climate warms, which broadly assumes that temperature change drives distributional change. However, during a period of past warming at the last glacial retreat, species shifted their geographic ranges in many different directions. This dichotomy raises the question of whether present day range shifts in response to anthropogenic climate...
Effect of six weeks ubiquinol supplementation on mitochondrial respiratory function and exercise capacity in healthy malesNARA Subscribed
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ 10 ) is an integral component of the mitochondrial electron transfer system. Most studies have administered the oxidised form of CoQ 10 (ubiquinone) and observed no effects on mitochondrial respiratory function or endurance exercise performance. The reduced form of CoQ 10 , ubiquinol (UQH 2 ), has greater bioavailability than ubiquinone, but the effects of UQH 2 supplementation on mitochondrial respiratory fu...
Watershed land cover predicts the abundance of macroplastic and other anthropogenic litter in streamsNARA Subscribed
Macroplastic and other types of macroscopic anthropogenic litter (AL; trash, particles > 5 mm) are pervasive across ecosystems, persistent in the environment, increasing in abundance, and can degrade into microplastics (particles 2 and 0.011–87.482 g/m 2 . Watershed impervious surface area and urban cover were significant predictors of AL by count (pseudo R 2 = 0.418), likely due to greater numbers of AL sources and enhanced c...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
At least 10 minutes of seated rest is required for stabilisation of blood-based hydration biomarkersNARA Subscribed
Postural changes elicit well-described haemodynamic effects on plasma volume, affecting blood-based hydration variables. While the time required for plasma volume stabilisation is well-established for supine rest, less is known for blood samples collected in a seated position, as is commonplace in physiology and nutrition experiments. Seventeen healthy participants (9 males; 8 females) stood stationary for 20 min in an upright...
The effect of reducing work rate on total work done and time to task failure during severe intensity exerciseNARA Subscribed
Purpose This study assesses the finite work capacity ( W′ ) above critical power (CP) when work rate is reduced during severe intensity exercise and whether reducing work rate immediately prior to task failure allows continued work above CP. Methods 14 cyclists performed three experimental trials. Two consisted of exercising at a fixed work rate (WR) that depleted 70% of W′ in 90 s and 180 s respectively, after which work rate...
Preliminary evidence of extrarenal sodium storage in a large mammal: implications for comparative physiology and hypertension researchNARA Subscribed
Under conditions of dietary sodium (Na + ) excess, the kidneys may fail to adequately excrete Na + , potentially compromising blood pressure homeostasis. Body tissues, such as skin, can offer sites of short-term extrarenal Na + storage and previous research has shown that this can help guard against hypertension in small mammals (e.g., rodents). Large mammals have relatively greater Na + storage potential, but whether extraren...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...