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Reef mantas ( Mobula alfredi ) around the Hawaiian Islands are vulnerable to extinction due to the low genetic diversity and resident populations that exhibit limited migration between islands. While known resident populations occur off Maui and Hawai’i, little is known about their occurrence or distribution around O’ahu or other islands across the archipelago, partly due to the rarity of sightings using conventional methods s...
Signals of natural selection can be quickly eroded in high gene flow systems, curtailing efforts to understand how and when genetic adaptation occurs in the ocean. This long‐standing, unresolved topic in ecology and evolution has renewed importance because changing environmental conditions are driving range expansions that may necessitate rapid evolutionary responses. One example occurs in Kellet's whelk ( Kelletia kelletii ),...
Motivation Here, we make available a second version of the BioTIME database, which compiles records of abundance estimates for species in sample events of ecological assemblages through time. The updated version expands version 1.0 of the database by doubling the number of studies and includes substantial additional curation to the taxonomic accuracy of the records, as well as the metadata. Moreover, we now provide an R packag...
The fishing and aquaculture industry is vital for global food security, yet viral diseases can result in mass fish die-off events. Determining the viromes of traditionally understudied species, such as fish, enhances our understanding of the global virosphere and the factors that influence virome composition and disease emergence. Very little is known about the viruses present in New Zealand’s native fish species, including th...
Understanding the genomic characteristics of non-model organisms can bridge research gaps between ecology and evolution. However, the lack of a reference genome and transcriptome for these species makes their study challenging. Here, we complete the first full genome and transcriptome sequence assembly of the non-model organism Kellet’s whelk, Kelletia kelletii , a marine gastropod exhibiting a poleward range expansion coincid...
Reflection and critically refracted seismic methods use traveltime measurements of body waves propagating between a source and a series of receivers on the ground surface to calculate subsurface velocities. Body wave energy is refracted or reflected at boundaries where there is a change in seismic impedance, defined as the product of material density and seismic velocity. This article provides practical guidance on the use of...
Prolonging survival in good health is a fundamental societal goal. However, the leading determinants of disability-free survival in healthy older people have not been well established. Data from ASPREE, a bi-national placebo-controlled trial of aspirin with 4.7 years median follow-up, was analysed. At enrolment, participants were healthy and without prior cardiovascular events, dementia or persistent physical disability. Disab...
Beyond bulk: Density fractions explain heterogeneity in global soil carbon abundance and persistenceNARA Subscribed
Understanding the controls on the amount and persistence of soil organic carbon (C) is essential for predicting its sensitivity to global change. The response may depend on whether C is unprotected, isolated within aggregates, or protected from decomposition by mineral associations. Here, we present a global synthesis of the relative influence of environmental factors on soil organic C partitioning among pools, abundance in ea...
Relationships between Maori values and streamflow: tools for incorporating cultural values into freshwater management decisionsNARA Subscribed
This study aimed to develop quantitative relationships for Maori cultural values supported by streamflow. We examined the results of a Cultural Flow Preference Study (CFPS) for five streams in Canterbury, New Zealand, and used mixed effects models to quantify how observed streamflow supported scores for Overall Health (OH). Relationships between streamflow and OH differed between sites and assessors within each site. Ignoring...
Motivation The BioTIME database contains raw data on species identities and abundances in ecological assemblages through time. These data enable users to calculate temporal trends in biodiversity within and amongst assemblages using a broad range of metrics. BioTIME is being developed as a community‐led open‐source database of biodiversity time series. Our goal is to accelerate and facilitate quantitative analysis of temporal...
To study growth rates, movements and estimate population size of shortfin eels Anguilla australis in a small lake (2·5 ha) near Christchurch, New Zealand, 617 A. australis were tagged with PIT tags. Tag retention was high (95%) and over the seven recapture events spread over 2 years, 55% of tagged A. australis were recaptured. Growth of recaptured A. australis averaged 13·1 mm year −1 and declined slightly with increasing tota...
Partially decomposed plant and animal remains have been accumulating in organic soils (i.e. >40% C content) for millennia, making them the largest terrestrial carbon store. There is growing concern that, in a warming world, soil biotic processing will accelerate and release greenhouse gases that further exacerbate climate change. However, the magnitude of this response remains uncertain as the constraints are abiotic, biotic a...
Ecology Letters (2012) Abstract Coordinating decisions and actions among interacting sectors is a critical component of ecosystem‐based management, but uncertainty about coordinated management’s effects is compromising its perceived value and use. We constructed an analytical framework for explicitly calculating how coordination affects management decisions, ecosystem state and the provision of ecosystem services in relation t...
Marine species frequently show weak and/or complex genetic structuring that is commonly dismissed as ‘chaotic’ genetic patchiness and ecologically uninformative. Here, using three datasets that individually feature weak chaotic patchiness, we demonstrate that combining inferences across species and incorporating environmental data can greatly improve the predictive value of marine population genetics studies on small spatial s...
Structure of Sumatra and its implications for the tectonic assembly of Southeast Asia and the destruction of PaleotethysNARA Subscribed
It is now generally accepted that Southeast Asia is composed of continental blocks which separated from Gondwana with the formation of oceanic crust during the Paleozoic, and were accreted to Asia in the Late Paleozoic or Early Mesozoic, with the subduction of the intervening oceanic crust. From east to west the Malay peninsula and Sumatra are composed of three continental blocks: East Malaya with a Cathaysian Permian flora an...