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Five years of national airborne pollen monitoring in South Africa: biome-specific calendars to inform allergy diagnosis and preventionNARA Subscribed
Pollen monitoring is crucial for understanding seasonal patterns, supporting allergy diagnosis and informing early warning tools to mitigate allergic diseases. The Southern Hemisphere lacks long-term pollen seasonal data, with extremely few records from Africa. We present pollen calendars based on five years of data from South Africa. Airborne pollen from 2019 to 2024 across South African biomes was collected in seven cities u...
Background and Aims Root observation windows (RW) installed in the field provide a tool for non-destructive monitoring of root development and rhizosphere processes. However, the highly invasive installation process, which requires cutting soil profiles, may affect plant development and, ultimately, the outcome of the experiments. This study systematically compares plant development with and without the installation of RW. Met...
Positive inotropic effects of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide in the human atrium and the mouse atriumNARA Subscribed
Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide formerly called gastrin inhibitory peptide (GIP), a peptide composed of 42 amino acids, is formed in duodenal and jejunal cells. GIP acts via GIP receptors (GIPR). GIPR can stimulate adenylyl cyclases (AC) and increase intracellular cyclic adenosine-3´,5´-monophosphate (cAMP) levels. The physiological role of GIPR in the human heart is not fully understood. Thence, force of contract...
Viral transfer from managed pollinators potentially threatens wild pollinators and may be exacerbated by land‐use changes. Our causal models and plant‐pollinator network data from 48 European urban and agricultural landscapes revealed the ecological mechanisms underpinning viral transmission. Host identity, network architecture and land‐use modulated viral dynamics (black queen cell virus, BQCV; deformed wing virus, DWV‐A and...
Terrigenous inputs link nutrient dynamics to microbial communities in a tropical lagoonNARA Subscribed
Nutrient availability drives community structure and ecosystem processes, especially in tropical lagoons that are typically oligotrophic but often receive allochthonous inputs from land. Terrestrially derived nutrients are introduced to tropical lagoons by surface runoff and submarine groundwater discharge, which are influenced by seasonal precipitation. However, terrigenous inputs presumably diminish along the onshore–offshor...
On the origin of the late-flowering ppd-H1 allele in barleyNARA Subscribed
To breed for climate resilient crops, an understanding of the genetic and environmental factors influencing adaptation is critical. Barley provides a model species to study adaptation to climate change. Here we present a detailed analysis of genetic variation at a major photoperiod response locus and relate this to the domestication history and dispersal of barley. The PPD-H1 locus (a PSEUDO-RESPONSE REGULATOR 7 ) promotes flo...
Cantharidin and sodium fluoride inhibit the activity of serine/threonine protein phosphatases 1 (PP1) and 2A (PP2A) and increase the force of contraction in human atrial preparations. R-phenylisopropyl adenosine (R-PIA) acts as an agonist at A 1 -adenosine receptors. R-PIA exerts a negative inotropic effect on human atria. The effect of R-PIA—and its various manifestations—are currently explained as a function of the inhibitio...
Contractile effects of stimulation of D1-dopamine receptors in the isolated human atriumNARA Subscribed
Dopamine receptors have been claimed not to directly increase contractility in the human heart. Therefore, we performed contraction experiments in isolated electrically driven human atrial preparations (HAP). For comparison, we performed contraction experiments with left atrial preparations of transgenic mice which harbor a cardiac overexpression of human D 1 -dopamine receptors (D 1 -TG). In D 1 -TG, first we noted that dopam...
Avenues towards reconciling wild and managed bee proponentsNARA Subscribed
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is characterized by impaired adrenal cortisol production. Hydrocortisone (synthetic cortisol) is the drug-of-choice for cortisol replacement therapy, aiming to mimic physiological cortisol circadian rhythm. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis controls cortisol production through the pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and feedback mechanisms. The aim of this study was to...
Healthy environments for athleTes (HEAT): environmental conditions along a 90 km ultra-marathon event, South AfricaNARA Subscribed
This paper provides an overview of the HEAT (Healthy Environments for AthleTes) project, which aims to understand the impact of environmental conditions on athlete health and performance during major sporting events such as long-distance running, cycling, and triathlons. In collaboration with the SAFER (Strategies to reduce Adverse medical events For the ExerciseR) initiative, the HEAT project carried out a field campaign at t...
Clonidine stimulates force of contraction via histamine H2 receptors in the human atriumNARA Subscribed
Clonidine has various clinical effects mediated by agonism of α 1 - or α 2 -adrenoceptors and the blocking of hyperpolarization-activated-nucleotide-gated pacemaker channels (HCN). It is unknown whether clonidine can also stimulate human cardiac histamine H 2 receptors (hH 2 Rs). We used isolated electrically stimulated left and spontaneously beating right atrial preparations from mice overexpressing the hH 2 R specifically in...