J. Reynold results 333
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Deficient arsenic methylation and global proteomic reprogramming in human keratinocytes during arsenic-induced skin carcinogenesisNARA Subscribed
Chronic inorganic arsenic (iAs) exposure affects > 220 million people worldwide and skin cancer is a hallmark of long-term iAs exposure. Limited information exists regarding arsenic methylation by human keratinocytes and how methylation influences skin carcinogenesis. Inorganic arsenite (iAs III ) and its methylated metabolites disrupt diverse zinc finger proteins, leading to differential toxicity patterns. We examined arsenic...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
At least 10 minutes of seated rest is required for stabilisation of blood-based hydration biomarkersNARA Subscribed
Postural changes elicit well-described haemodynamic effects on plasma volume, affecting blood-based hydration variables. While the time required for plasma volume stabilisation is well-established for supine rest, less is known for blood samples collected in a seated position, as is commonplace in physiology and nutrition experiments. Seventeen healthy participants (9 males; 8 females) stood stationary for 20 min in an upright...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...
Urinary N-terminal titin fragment concentration as a non-invasive biomarker of exercise-induced muscle damage in males and femalesNARA Subscribed
Purpose To examine the effects of muscle-damaging exercise on urinary N-terminal fragments of titin (UTF) in males and females, and its association with markers of exercise-induced muscle damage. Methods 27 males ( n = 16) and females ( n = 11) (height: 1.74 ± 0.10 m; body mass: 72.2 ± 11.4 kg; age: 22 ± 3 years) performed 200 eccentric contractions of the knee extensor on an isokinetic dynamometer. Urine and serum samples wer...
Marine megafauna species are affected by a wide range of anthropogenic threats. To evaluate the risk of such threats, species’ vulnerability to each threat must first be determined. We build on the existing threats classification scheme and ranking system of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species by assessing the vulnerability of 256 marine megafauna species to 23 at‐sea threat...
Crown Exposure Regulates Aboveground Wood Productivity Responses to Soil Fertility in Lowland Tropical ForestsNARA Subscribed
Understanding the drivers of aboveground wood productivity (AWP) in tropical forests is crucial for explaining ecosystem functioning and predicting their responses to environmental change. While climatic water availability is a well‐established driver, the role of soil nutrients and their interaction with other resources remains uncertain. We investigated how soil nutrients and light interactions shape AWP in lowland tropical...
Invasive species management is often constrained by limited resources and complicated by ecological and socio-economic variability across landscapes, leading to inconsistent outcomes. We use water hyacinth ( Pontederia crassipes ) in South Africa as a case study to demonstrate how combining earth observation (EO) data, species distribution models (SDMs), and explainable artificial intelligence (xAI) can support more spatially...