J. Riley results 243
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Identifying the proton donor in electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution by a model hydrogenaseNARA Subscribed
Proton transfer is essential in all multi-electron transformations. Identifying the proton donor in such processes is crucial to understanding the catalytic mechanism and optimizing activity through pK a matching, which can enhance proton transfer rates. However, aqueous solutions offer multiple proton sources, which confounds clear identification of the catalytically relevant proton donor. In this work, we utilize a model hyd...
Purpose The Valsalva manoeuvre (VM) may contribute to the observed increase in pulse wave velocity (PWV) following resistance exercise (RE). However, VM use during RE is rarely reported or discussed in the literature. We compared the acute carotid-femoral PWV response before and following RE with paced breathing, RE with a VM (REVM) and the VM alone. Methods 15 healthy RE-untrained participants (female = 8) (mean ± SD: age, 24...
Individual Trees Respond to 40 Years of Climate Change Through Leaf Functional Trait AcclimationNARA Subscribed
Forests are vital for regulating climate and sustaining biodiversity, but climate change threatens their ability to do so, especially in the tropics. Our knowledge of how tropical forests and their constituent trees will respond to changes in climate is largely based on functional trait studies; however, few previous studies have investigated trait changes within individual tropical trees across decades, limiting our ability t...
Organisms that move across ecosystem boundaries can create resource gradients in adjacent ecosystems. Midges that emerge from Lake Mývatn, Iceland, are deposited as nutrient-rich carcasses on land, and this generates a nutrient gradient from its shoreline. We contrasted the distribution and photobiont characteristics of two lichen species, Nephromopsis cucullata and Peltigera leucophlebia, in a lava field adjacent to Mývatn al...
Knowledge of the dietary composition of Atlantic marlins, especially for recently acknowledged species such as roundscale spearfish ( Tetrapturus georgii ), is limited, as sample access is constrained by international quotas and intermittent landing rates. A series of annual offshore recreational fishing tournaments target Atlantic blue marlin ( Makaira nigricans ), white marlin ( Kajikia albida ) and roundscale spearfish on t...
Multifrequency Electrical Impedance Myography Enhanced with Machine Learning for Screening Patients with Neuromuscular DisordersNARA Subscribed
Purpose We evaluated surface electrical impedance myography (EIM) enhanced with machine learning to serve as a new office-based screening tool for neuromuscular disease Methods EIM of nine muscles was successfully performed in 119 adults and 111 children (approximately half healthy and half diseased) for a total of 3158 individual muscle measurements. Multifrequency data were processed with feature engineering and classificati...
Multi‐Decadal Dynamics of Wetland Methane Emissions Revealed by Knowledge‐Guided Machine LearningNARA Subscribed
Measurement of methane fluxes (FCH 4 ) from natural systems, such as wetlands, has lagged far behind carbon dioxide fluxes. Short and fragmented wetland FCH 4 data limit our ability to assess its long‐term dynamics and potential climate feedbacks. Extrapolating short‐term FCH 4 records to recent decades remains challenging for both process‐based models and data‐driven machine learning (ML) approaches. Here, we develop a knowle...
Passive acoustic monitoring reveals surprising patterns of avian community antipredator behavior at a regional scaleNARA Subscribed
Passive acoustic monitoring has underutilized potential for studying animal behavior at a landscape scale. We used passive acoustic recordings collected across the entire western slope of the Sierra Nevada, USA, and the artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm BirdNET to investigate avian vocal responses to a predator (American goshawks) throughout this ecosystem. We found a significant decrease in total avian vocal output follo...
Marine megafauna species are affected by a wide range of anthropogenic threats. To evaluate the risk of such threats, species’ vulnerability to each threat must first be determined. We build on the existing threats classification scheme and ranking system of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species by assessing the vulnerability of 256 marine megafauna species to 23 at‐sea threat...