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The rate of temperature increase in alpine environments exceeds the global average, threatening alpine plant species. While some species benefit from changing conditions, others decline or risk extinction. Understanding the mechanisms that drive these divergent responses is crucial for biodiversity conservation. Although functional traits have been widely used to predict alpine plant responses to climate shifts, the role of se...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
Excessive fine sediment deposition is a global pervasive issue in rivers and, in particular, for benthic organisms including macroinvertebrates. However, the assessment of fine sediment effects on the taxonomic and functional diversity of macroinvertebrate communities is challenging because of context-dependent confounding factors, such as river-flow conditions, land-use change, and anthropogenic pressures. By using a set of o...
A geological and geophysical database for the assessment of offshore freshened groundwater resourcesNARA Subscribed
Fresh groundwater resources in coastal regions are vital for modern society, but are under considerable pressure due to population growth, seasonal peaks in demand, pollution and climate change. In recent years, interest in offshore freshened groundwater (OFG) has surged, as potential resource for addressing these challenges. Recent studies have documented OFG occurrences on many continental margins and islands, with global vo...
Branchial localization of acid (A‐type) and base (B‐type) excreting ionocytes in Amazonian stenohaline freshwater Potamotrygon rayNARA Subscribed
The branchial epithelium of Potamotrygon —a member of the only strictly freshwater elasmobranch family Potamotrygonidae—was observed via immunohistochemistry, and two distinct forms of ionocytes were identified. The acid (A‐type) and base (B‐type) secreting cells with respective basolateral–apical localizations of Na + /K + ‐ATPase–Na + /H + exchanger 3 in A‐type and V‐type H + ‐ATPase–pendrin Cl − /HCO 3 − exchanger in B‐type...
Widespread Shrubification on European Mountain SummitsNARA Subscribed
Shrubs are expanding across the cold ecosystems of our planet with potentially profound consequences for their biodiversity and functioning. However, evidence is still strongly biased towards the Arctic tundra, while a large‐scale assessment of shrub expansion in alpine areas above the elevational treeline is missing so far. Here we quantified shrub cover changes over the past two decades in 576 permanent plots of 1 m 2 spread...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...