The Northern Gulf of Alaska (NGA) is a highly productive and diverse marine ecosystem. Differences in nutrient supply and physical circulation between nearshore and offshore waters in the NGA result in a mosaic of water masses with distinct biogeochemical signatures. We hypothesized that microbial communities in these regions not only differ in composition but also in the ecological interaction networks they support. We used a...

At active volcanic hydrothermal systems, enhanced heat flow results in surface heating and elevated heat flux densities. We consider heat transfer models for two types of system: (1) “dry” (soil heating and fumarolic activity), and (2) “wet” (crater flooded with an acidic lake). Our aim is to collate and review methods to calculate heat flux at these two sysyem types, while assessing the role of external atmospheric processes....

The morphology of the shield volcanoes on Bioko, a volcanic island in central Africa, is controlled both by tectonic and volcanic processes, but the complex interplay of these regional and local mechanisms is poorly understood. Using a TanDEM-X digital elevation model, we are able to create an inventory of 436 vents and monogenetic cones, and over 1330 structural elements and lineaments, and perform a comprehensive morphologic...