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Spatial Mismatch Between Black Mangrove Avicennia germinans and Associated Herbivores Along the Range Edge EcotoneNARA Subscribed
Globally, many plant communities are reorganizing in response to climate change, often at different rates than associated fauna. Asynchrony in range expansion between plants and fauna could alter biotic constraints on plant populations. Tropical mangroves are limited by folivory, but little is known about the importance of herbivory on mangroves near distributional range limits in subtropical regions. We hypothesized that herb...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...
The Greatest Extinction Event in 66 Million Years? Contextualising Anthropogenic ExtinctionsNARA Subscribed
Biological communities are changing rapidly in response to human activities, with the high rate of vertebrate species extinction leading many to propose that we are in the midst of a sixth mass extinction event. Five past mass extinction events have commonly been identified across the Phanerozoic, with the last occurring at the end of the Cretaceous, 66 million years ago (Ma). However, life on Earth has always changed and evol...
The Genomic Signature of Demographic Decline in a Long‐Distance Migrant in a Range‐Extreme PopulationNARA Subscribed
Migratory birds are inherently vagile, a strategy that may reduce the impacts of habitat loss and fragmentation on genetic diversity. However, specialist resource requirements and range‐edge distribution can counteract these benefits. The European nightjar ( Caprimulgus europaeus ) is a long‐distance migratory bird and resource specialist. Like other long‐distance migrants, nightjar populations have declined across the British...
Predicting the progression of MCI and Alzheimer’s disease on structural brain integrity and other features with machine learningNARA Subscribed
Machine learning (ML) on structural MRI data shows high potential for classifying Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression, but the specific contribution of brain regions, demographics, and proteinopathy remains unclear. Using Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) data, we applied an extreme gradient-boosting algorithm and SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) values to classify cognitively normal (CN) older adults, th...
Climate‐driven shifts in herbivores, temperature, and nutrient runoff threaten coastal ecosystem resilience. However, ecological resilience, particularly for foundation species, remains poorly understood due to the scarcity of field experiments conducted across appropriate spatial and temporal scales that investigate multiple stressors. This study evaluates the resilience of a widespread tropical marine plant (turtlegrass) to...
Deterministic processes drive national‐scale patterns in lake surface sediment bacteria and eukaryotic assemblage compositionNARA Subscribed
Biological communities within lake surface sediments play a vital role in biogeochemical cycling and ecosystem services. Knowledge on abundance‐occupancy patterns and assembly processes across large spatial scales and over multiple environmental gradients is limited, yet essential to aid in protection and restoration. In the present study, surface sediment samples were collected from 296 lakes across a wide spatial scale and c...
Bridge to the future: Important lessons from 20 years of ecosystem observations made by the OzFlux networkNARA Subscribed
In 2020, the Australian and New Zealand flux research and monitoring network, OzFlux, celebrated its 20 th anniversary by reflecting on the lessons learned through two decades of ecosystem studies on global change biology. OzFlux is a network not only for ecosystem researchers, but also for those ‘next users’ of the knowledge, information and data that such networks provide. Here, we focus on eight lessons across topics of cli...
Photographic-identification (photo-ID) of bottlenose dolphins using individually distinctive features on the dorsal fin is a well-established and useful tool for tracking individuals; however, this method can be labor-intensive, especially when dealing with large catalogs and/or infrequently surveyed populations. Computer vision algorithms have been developed that can find a fin in an image, characterize the features of the fi...
Formalizing the semantics of sea iceNARA Subscribed
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