We have attempted to re-establish bay scallops to the Virginia, U.S.A. coastal bays and document the dynamics of the restoration effort. Bay scallops ( Argopecten irradians ) once flourished in the eelgrass ( Zostera marina ) of the Virginia coastal bays. Eelgrass wasting disease led to declines, and both eelgrass and scallops were completely lost after a 1933 hurricane. The Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) led a su...

Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) is an environmental contaminant with a long half-life in animals. Risk assessment of PFOS in livestock and food tissue can be conducted with physiologically-based kinetic (PBK) models. For fast-growing livestock, changes in body weight affect the kinetics of PFOS primarily through tissue dilution, which needs to be considered when using a PBK model. A generic PBK model was used to predict ti...

Understanding the long-term effects of bottom trawling on sedimentary organic carbon (OC) is crucial for assessing its role in carbon cycling and climate regulation. Most studies analyse effects on surface sediments (≤10 cm), leaving impacts on deeper sediments poorly resolved. This study investigates how bottom trawling influences sediment OC density (SCD) and OC content within 0–50 cm of the Western Irish Sea Mud Belt, repre...

Kelp forests are among the most extensive and productive coastal ecosystems, yet they remain underrepresented in global conservation policy despite widespread declines driven by interacting global- (i.e., ocean warming, marine heatwaves) to local-scale stressors. At the same time, kelp conservation and restoration efforts are expanding rapidly across regions, but measures of success and syntheses tend to primarily focus on eco...

Enteric microbial dysbiosis can contribute to the pathobiology of canine diabetes mellitus (DM) by interfering with host metabolism, promoting inflammation, and altering incretin hormone responses. Enriching and diversifying an unbalanced gastrointestinal microbiome with microbiome-based interventions such as lyophilized fecal preparations (LFP) can help improve gut function and glycemic control of diabetic dogs. This study ai...

Understanding the hydraulic resistance and stability of boulders is essential for river engineering, river morphology, and hydraulic structure design. This study quantifies hydrodynamic forces acting on a cubical block resting on a smooth, rigid bed under near-critical to supercritical flow conditions, with bed slopes of 0.4-−1.3% and Froude numbers ( Fr ) in the range $$1.2 \le Fr \le 2.8$$ . Time-resolved force measurements...