Aim Improving nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is critical for enhancing the sustainability of agricultural grasslands. However, there is limited research assessing NUE of grasslands managed with different nitrogen (N) fertilization inputs. We tested the hypothesis that multispecies swards managed with the combination of chemical and organic fertilizer would perform best with respect to herbage N yield and NUE. Methods A grasslan...

Individuals vary in their immune genotype, inbreeding coefficient f , immune responses, survival to adulthood, and adult longevity. However, whether immune genes predict survival or longevity, whether such relationships are mediated through immune responses, and how f affects immune genotype remain unclear. We use a wild song sparrow ( Melospiza melodia ) population in which survival to adulthood, adult longevity, and f were m...

Our ability to predict invasions has been hindered by the seemingly idiosyncratic context-dependency of individual invasions. However, we argue that robust and useful generalisations in invasion science can be made by considering “invasion syndromes” which we define as “a combination of pathways, alien species traits, and characteristics of the recipient ecosystem which collectively result in predictable dynamics and impacts,...