Eutrophication is still a serious issue for many lakes in the subalpine lake district of Northern Italy. Significant improvements have been achieved thanks to interventions carried out on their watersheds, whereas the Water Framework Directive of the European Union (EU WFD) has established ecological and chemical water quality targets. Unfortunately, climate change and remaining pollution inputs by human activities play a syne...

Precipitation data play a crucial role in hydrological modeling. Although rain ground stations data have traditionally been used, their uneven distribution and numerous gaps raise some doubts about their reliability. As a result, satellite rainfall data sets are increasingly used in hydrological assessments. However, these estimates are prone to inaccuracies due to instrumental problems or theoretical simplifications, and it i...

The trunks of forest trees store massive amounts of carbon, but fungi actively and invisibly decay wood inside even seemingly healthy trees. Wood‐decay fungi are responsible for the loss of stored carbon in living trees, and they make trees susceptible to snapping and uprooting in storms. We used sonic tomography to measure the prevalence and severity of decay in 1744 live trees (≥20 cm diameter) of 171 species on the 50‐ha Fo...

Biotic interactions are expected to influence species' responses to global changes, but they are rarely considered across broad spatial extents. Abiotic factors are thought to operate at larger spatial scales, while biotic factors, such as species interactions, are considered more important at local scales within communities, in part because of the knowledge gap on species interactions at large spatial scales (i.e., the Eltoni...

In the present work we focus on the distribution of two species of sponges. One of these is Asconema setubalense , a sponge found in rocky substrate that was sampled with a photogrammetric vehicle through georeferenced images. The other is Pheronema carpenteri , which inhabits soft bottoms and was sampled by beam trawl. For the spatial distribution modeling of both sponges, the geomorphological variables of depth, slope, broad...

Passive flow control devices are included in the design of wind turbine blades in order to obtain better performance and reduce loads without consuming any external energy. Vortex Generators are one of the most popular flow control devices, whose main objective is to delay the flow separation and increase the maximum lift coefficient. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations of a Vortex Generator (VG) on a flat plate in...