Five different interatomic potentials designed for modelling forsterite Mg $$_2$$ 2 SiO $$_4$$ 4 are compared to ab initio and experimental data. The set of tested properties include lattice constants, material density, elastic wave velocity, elastic stiffness tensor, free surface energies, generalized stacking faults, neutral Frenkel and Schottky defects, in the pressure range $$0-12$$ 0 - 12 GPa relevant to the Earth’s upper...