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Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
Mesoscale eddies play a critical role in mediating meridional transport across the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC), yet the dynamics of cross-frontal eddies (CFEs) and their energy exchanges with frontal jets remain inadequately quantified. This study presents a systematic analysis of CFE characteristics, kinetic energy evolution, and thermohaline transport effects in the Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean, utilizing 23...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...
Pathogens affecting Antarctic fishes remain mostly unknown and are largely limited to the description of macroparasites such as leeches and endoparasitic worms. Fish, however, occupy a crucial role in the functioning of the Antarctic ecosystem and deterioration of their health can alter the entire Antarctic food chain. In recent years, several studies have identified novel viruses and unicellular parasites affecting the health...
Predicting the progression of MCI and Alzheimer’s disease on structural brain integrity and other features with machine learningNARA Subscribed
Machine learning (ML) on structural MRI data shows high potential for classifying Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression, but the specific contribution of brain regions, demographics, and proteinopathy remains unclear. Using Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) data, we applied an extreme gradient-boosting algorithm and SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) values to classify cognitively normal (CN) older adults, th...
Land and ocean ecosystems are strongly connected and mutually interactive. As climate changes and other anthropogenic stressors intensify, the complex pathways that link these systems will strengthen or weaken in ways that are currently beyond reliable prediction. In this review we offer a framework of land–ocean couplings and their role in shaping marine ecosystems in coastal temperate rainforest (CTR) ecoregions, where high...
Characterizing Antarctic fish assemblages using eDNA obtained from marine sponge bycatch specimensNARA Subscribed
International conservation goals have been set to mitigate Southern Ocean ecosystem deterioration, with multiple monitoring programs evaluating progress towards those goals. The scale of continuous monitoring through visual observations, however, is challenged by the remoteness of the area and logistical constraints. Given the ecological and economic importance of the Southern Ocean, it is imperative that additional biological...
Sea temperature is the primary driver of recent and predicted fish community structure across Northeast Atlantic shelf seasNARA Subscribed
Climate change has strongly influenced the distribution and abundance of marine fish species, leading to concern about effects of future climate on commercially harvested stocks. Understanding the key drivers of large‐scale spatial variation across present‐day marine assemblages enables predictions of future change. Here we present a unique analysis of standardised abundance data for 198 marine fish species from across the Nor...
Understanding Quality Paradigm Shifts in the Evolving Pharmaceutical Landscape: Perspectives from the USP Quality Advisory GroupNARA Subscribed
Recent changes in the pharmaceutical industry have led to significant paradigm shifts in the pharmaceutical quality environment. Globalization of the pharmaceutical industry, increasingly rapid development of novel therapies, and adoption of new manufacturing techniques have presented numerous challenges for the established regulatory framework and quality environment and are impacting the approaches utilized to ensure the qua...
Life-history traits of Pacific ( Clupea pallasii ) and Atlantic ( Clupea harengus ) herring, comprising both local and oceanic stocks subdivided into summer-autumn and spring spawners, were extensively reviewed. The main parameters investigated were body growth, condition, and reproductive investment. Body size of Pacific herring increased with increasing latitude. This pattern was inconsistent for Atlantic herring. Pacific an...
Animals can be important in modulating ecosystem‐level nutrient cycling, although their importance varies greatly among species and ecosystems. Nutrient cycling rates of individual animals represent valuable data for testing the predictions of important frameworks such as the Metabolic Theory of Ecology ( MTE ) and ecological stoichiometry ( ES ). They also represent an important set of functional traits that may reflect both...
Aim To test whether within‐species and among‐species patterns of abundance and latitudinal range in marine bacteria resemble those found for macro‐organisms, and whether these patterns differ along latitudinal clines. Location Global pelagic marine environments. Methods Taxon‐specific sequence abundance and location were retrieved from the open‐access V6‐ rRNA pyrotag sequence data base VAMPS ( http://vamps.mbl.edu/ ), which h...
The role of environmental conditions and exploitation in determining dynamics of redfish ( Sebastes species) in the Northwest AtlanticNARA Subscribed
The six stocks of redfish ( Sebastes spp.) in the Northwest Atlantic have been fished for the past 60 years, during which time they have also experienced considerable variability in environmental conditions. Despite their close proximity and with life‐history features characteristic of many deep‐sea fishes (long‐lived, slow‐growing, late‐maturing, relatively low fecundity), each redfish stock has displayed quite different dyna...
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