Marine oil spills pose a persistent threat to marine ecosystems and coastal economies, and their rapid and unpredictable spread requires timely and reliable monitoring. In X-band marine radar images, oil slicks usually appear as low-contrast dark targets embedded in heterogeneous sea clutter, making accurate segmentation particularly challenging. To address this problem, this study proposes a training-free two-stage oil slick...

The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) provisions form a crucial part of the Agreement under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction (the BBNJ Agreement) and are expected to have significant implications for States Parties. From a Chinese perspective, this study applies the SWOT-PEST analytical framework...

Key message A stable QTL associated with rice grain type with a large effect value was found in multiple environments, and its candidate genes were verified by genetic transformation. Abstract Rice ( Oryza sativa L . ) grain size is critical to both yield and appearance quality. Therefore, the discovery and identification of rice grain size genes can provide pathways for the cultivation of high-yielding varieties. In the prese...