The green tide is the biggest ecological disaster in Yellow Sea in recent decades, and the species composition has varied from year to year. The ITS (internal transcribed spacer) sequence combined with 5S rDNA spacer are the mainstream molecular markers for green macroalgae. The former can perfectly distinguish the majority of Ulva spp. except the LPP (Ulva linza–procera–prolifera) complex, and the latter is used to distinguis...

Despite the pivotal role of deep-sea in the global climate system, effective technology is still limited for reconstructing the key parameters of deep-sea environment such as temperature and acidification, especially at the hundred-year scale. In this study, we assessed the robustness and reliability of using bivalve shells in reconstructing cold seep environments. A significant heterogeneous distribution of trace elements was...