Global warming intensifies regional precipitation imbalances that disrupt cropland nitrogen cycling and threaten food security. Here, we show that global croplands respond asymmetrically to future precipitation change. Under a middle of the road scenario for 2050, 78% of croplands are projected to become wetter, increasing yields by 15% but raising nitrogen losses by 45%. The remaining 22% that become drier would experience a...

Rice sustains nearly half of the global population, yet its nitrogen (N) use efficiency remains low, undermining both food security and environmental integrity. Rice predominantly absorbs ammonium (NH 4 + ), which is readily nitrified and lost through irrigation and drainage, posing a persistent management challenge. Integrating 1756 paired field observations and global modelling, we show that using enhanced‐efficiency fertili...