Piscidins, fish-specific antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), play important roles in the innate immunity of fish against invading bacteria. In this study, a novel piscidin was identified in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) (MSPiscidin-4), which contained an active peptide of 25 aa with an amphipathic helix possessing distinct hydrophobic and positively charged regions. MSPiscidin-4 belongs to the Group I piscidins as determi...

Anthropogenic phosphorus (P) inputs are rapidly altering terrestrial P cycling through plant – soil – microbial interactions; however, global patterns and underlying mechanisms driving these changes remain poorly understood. By performing a global meta‐analysis of 1315 observations from 176 studies across diverse natural terrestrial ecosystems, we found that P addition increased P concentrations in foliage, stems, roots, and l...

Global change ecology demands predictive models that reconcile data‐driven learning with mechanistic theory to address complex, interconnected ecosystem challenges. Traditional process‐based approaches struggle with spatiotemporal parameterization, while purely data‐driven machine learning approaches suffer from extrapolation, interpretability, and physical consistency. Knowledge‐guided machine learning (KGML) bridges this div...

Ecological stoichiometry in the plant–soil–microbial systems is crucial for regulating nutrient flow and sustaining ecosystem functions in forests. However, how rising atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition induced by human activities impacts the stoichiometric relationships across ecosystem compartments remains poorly understood. We therefore conducted a 13‐year N‐addition experiment across eight forests from tropical to boreal...

Mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi) is a commercially important species in China. The number of pyloric caeca, essential for digestion and nutrient absorption, varies considerably (198–386) among individuals, but its relation to growth remains unclear. In this study, 300 samples from the first filial generation (F1) of farmed wild stocks were reared for 56 days and grouped based on pyloric caeca number. Fish with more pyloric ca...