The carbon dioxide radical anion, CO 2 ●− , is a highly reactive radical species involved in the reduction of the CO 2 greenhouse gas, organic synthesis, atmospheric aerosol chemistry, and treatment of halogenated compounds. In recent years, CO 2 ●− has emerged as a strong reductant, or single electron donor. Here we present techniques used to generate CO 2 ●− and we discuss applications to degrading pollutants such as halogen...

The emergence of billions of periodical cicadas affects plant and animal communities profoundly, yet little is known about cicada impacts on soil carbon fluxes. We investigated the effects of Brood X cicadas ( Magicicada septendecim, M. cassinii and M. septendeculain ) on soil CO 2 fluxes ( R S ) in three Indiana forests. We hypothesized R S would be sensitive to emergence hole density, with the greatest effects occurring in s...

Volatile nitrogen oxides (N 2 O, NO, NO 2 , HONO, …) can negatively impact climate, air quality, and human health. Using soils collected from temperate forests across the eastern United States, we show microbial communities involved in nitrogen (N) cycling are structured, in large part, by the composition of overstory trees, leading to predictable N‐cycling syndromes, with consequences for emissions of volatile nitrogen oxides...