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Smallholder households across rural sub-Saharan Africa often rely on goats to support their livelihoods, food security, and financial security, and as a risk mitigation strategy. Across the region, goat health and performance outcomes vary greatly, and it is often difficult to quantify the impact of the animal health-nutrition nexus on livelihood outcomes. Two socio-economic surveys were conducted to this end in Botswana. Firs...
Antibiotics cause significant gut microbiome dysbiosis, particularly when administered orally. This contributes to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and is associated with myriad health conditions. Novel drug delivery strategies that minimize gut exposure while maintaining therapeutic efficacy are urgently needed. This study aimed to evaluate whether a novel transdermal system could reduce gut microbiome disruption compared to or...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
Early Imaging Biomarkers of Cartilage Strain After ACL Reconstruction Predict Patient Pain and Altered Knee LoadingNARA Subscribed
Purpose To investigate temporal evolution of cartilage strain and relaxometry following ACL reconstruction, and examine associations between MRI metrics, pain, and knee loading patterns during gait as potential early markers of cartilage degeneration. Methods Twenty-five participants (15 female, 10 male; mean age 25.6 years) undergoing ACL reconstruction completed MRI assessments at 6 and 12 month post-surgery, including displ...
SNAPSHOT USA 2024: Year 6 of the Coordinated National Camera Trap Survey of the United StatesNARA Subscribed
Motivation SNAPSHOT USA is an annual, multi‐contributor camera trap survey of mammals across the United States. The growing SNAPSHOT USA dataset is intended for tracking the spatial and temporal responses of mammal populations to changes in land use, land cover and climate. These data will be useful for exploring the drivers of spatial and temporal changes in relative abundance and distribution, as well as the impacts of speci...
Freshwater turtles are one of the most threatened animal groups in the world, especially in Asia. The Beale’s Eyed Turtle ( Sacalia bealei ) is a highly endangered Chinese species at risk of extinction due to overexploitation for the food and pet trades. Nonetheless, Hong Kong still houses a handful of relatively healthy populations of this species, providing an increasingly rare opportunity to study the population genetics of...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...
Corallivory, or predation on corals, is a naturally occurring process that, at high levels, can impair coral growth, reproduction, and recovery. Traditionally, fish corallivory monitoring has been achieved through in situ visual surveys and analysis of 2D photoquadrats. However, 3D imaging techniques such as structure-from-motion (SfM) can provide a powerful tool to collect high-resolution colony-level data with limited field...
Liverpool, a city with an industrial legacy and among the most socioeconomically deprived local authorities in the UK, faces a significant health challenge: the combined impact of air pollution and deprivation on children’s respiratory health. This study deploys a dense network of 52 air quality sensors, one of the most comprehensive in the UK, to monitor particulate matter in 2023. PM2.5 levels ranged from 4.78 to 18.15 µg/m...