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Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Response to Influenza in Grey Seals ( Halichoerus grypus ), a Potential Wild ReservoirNARA Subscribed
RNA viruses are infamous for their ability to cross species barriers, posing threats to global health and security. Influenza A virus (IAV) is naturally found in avian hosts but periodically spills over into marine wildlife. IAV outbreaks occur in the Northwest Atlantic, but grey seals ( Halichoerus grypus ) appear to be less susceptible to IAV compared to other species. The subclinical nature of IAV infection in addition to l...
Range‐Wide Genomic Analysis Reveals Regional and Meta‐Population Dynamics of Decline and Recovery in the Grey SealNARA Subscribed
Wildlife populations globally have experienced widespread historical declines due to anthropogenic and environmental impacts, yet for some species, contemporary management and conservation programmes have enabled recent recovery. The impacts of decline and recovery on genomic diversity and, vice versa, the genetic factors that contribute to conservation success or failure are rich areas for inquiry, with implications for shapi...
Global dissemination of influenza A virus is driven by wild bird migration through arctic and subarctic zonesNARA Subscribed
Influenza A viruses (IAV) circulate endemically among many wild aquatic bird populations that seasonally migrate between wintering grounds in southern latitudes to breeding ranges along the perimeter of the circumpolar arctic. Arctic and subarctic zones are hypothesized to serve as ecologic drivers of the intercontinental movement and reassortment of IAVs due to high densities of disparate populations of long distance migrator...
Influenza A Viruses (IAV) in nature must overcome shifting transmission barriers caused by the mobility of their primary host, migratory wild birds, that change throughout the annual cycle. Using a phylogenetic network of viral sequences from North American wild birds (2008–2011) we demonstrate a shift from intraspecific to interspecific transmission that along with reassortment, allows IAV to achieve viral flow across success...
Migration strategy affects avian influenza dynamics in mallards ( A nas platyrhynchos )NARA Subscribed
Studies of pathogen transmission typically overlook that wildlife hosts can include both migrant and resident populations when attempting to model circulation. Through the application of stable isotopes in flight feathers, we estimated the migration strategy of mallards ( A nas platyrhynchos ) occurring on C alifornia wintering grounds. Our study demonstrates that mallards‐ a principal host of avian influenza virus ( AIV ) in...
The movement and transmission of avian influenza viral strains via wild migratory birds may vary by host species as a result of migratory tendency and sympatry with other infected individuals. To examine the roles of host migratory tendency and species sympatry on the movement of Eurasian low‐pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) genes into North America, we characterized migratory patterns and LPAI viral genomic variation in mall...
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