Purpose To examine the effects of muscle-damaging exercise on urinary N-terminal fragments of titin (UTF) in males and females, and its association with markers of exercise-induced muscle damage. Methods 27 males ( n = 16) and females ( n = 11) (height: 1.74 ± 0.10 m; body mass: 72.2 ± 11.4 kg; age: 22 ± 3 years) performed 200 eccentric contractions of the knee extensor on an isokinetic dynamometer. Urine and serum samples wer...

Oxygen depletion is well recognized for its role in the degradation of tropical coral reefs. Extreme acute hypoxic events that lead to localized mass mortality and the formation of ‘dead zones’ (a region where few or no organisms can survive due to a lack of oxygen) are particularly concerning as they can result in wide-ranging losses of biodiversity, ecosystem productivity and functioning, economic prosperity, and wellbeing....

As a nitric oxide (NO) enhancer, citrulline malate (CM) has recently been touted as a potential ergogenic aid to both resistance and high-intensity exercise performance, as well as the recovery of muscular performance. The mechanism has been associated with enhanced blood flow to active musculature, however, it might be more far-reaching as either ammonia homeostasis could be improved, or ATP production could be increased via...