As a result of climate change, extreme weather phenomena are expected to become more frequent and severe, so adaptation in the future will be essential. Global and regional climate model simulations offer crucial insights into future climate change, forming the basis for planning and implementing adaptation and mitigation strategies. Therefore, evaluating these simulations is essential for generating reliable projections. This...

Credible information about the properties and changes of extreme events on the regional and local scales is of prime importance in the context of future climate change. Within the EU‐COST Action VALUE a comprehensive validation framework for downscaling methods has been developed. Here we present validation results for extremes of temperature and precipitation from the perfect predictor experiment that uses reanalysis‐based pr...

Temporal variability is an important feature of climate, comprising systematic variations such as the annual cycle, as well as residual temporal variations such as short‐term variations, spells and variability from interannual to long‐term trends. The EU‐COST Action VALUE developed a comprehensive framework to evaluate downscaling methods. Here we present the evaluation of the perfect predictor experiment for temporal variabil...

The estimated future changes of precipitation and precipitation‐related climate indices for the Carpathian Region are analysed in this paper. Eleven regional climate model ( RCM ) simulations from the ENSEMBLES project taking into account the intermediate A1B emission scenario are used, hence, the analysis also includes uncertainty assessments. Validation results showed that in the target area RCM simulations overestimate prec...

Changes in large‐scale circulation patterns over the North‐Atlantic‐European region are presented and analyzed for the 20th century. First, changes in decadal frequency of Hess‐Brezowsky macrocirculation patterns (MCP) are evaluated for the period between 1881 and 2000. Frequency of several MCP types increased or decreased considerably during these 120 years, which may be explained by large‐scale changes in circulation charact...

In order to cover a millennium‐long period in climatological studies, several types of information must be taken into consideration. Beyond the regular meteorological observations, historical documentary data may serve as a basic source for the past centuries. For the Carpathian basin, Réthly collected historical documents containing meteorology‐related information. In order to facilitate the analysis of this documentary colle...