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Global maps of soil temperatureNARA Subscribed
Research in global change ecology relies heavily on global climatic grids derived from estimates of air temperature in open areas at around 2 m above the ground. These climatic grids do not reflect conditions below vegetation canopies and near the ground surface, where critical ecosystem functions occur and most terrestrial species reside. Here, we provide global maps of soil temperature and bioclimatic variables at a 1‐km 2 r...
Koi herpesvirus ( KHV ) causes KHV disease ( KHVD ). The virus is highly contagious in carp or koi and can induce a high mortality. Latency and, in some cases, a lack of signs presents a challenge for virus detection. Appropriate immunological detection methods for anti‐ KHV antibodies have not yet been fully validated for KHV . Therefore, it was developed and validated an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA ) to detect...
Fish samples initially collected by local veterinarians on the common and koi carp farms in Poland between 2013 and 2015 as part of a KHV surveillance programme, when the water temperature was between 16 and 26 °C, and were also tested for CEV by qPCR . A partial 478 nucleotide fragment of the 4a gene was subsequently generated from 17 qPCR ‐positive common carp Cyprinus carpio samples from 36 farm sites tested during the peri...
Herpesvirus anguillae ( HVA ) was detected during disease investigations of E uropean eel, A nguilla anguilla L . at two stillwater fisheries in central E ngland. These represent the first records of HVA from UK eels. Both mortalities were eel‐specific and took place during August 2009 and July 2010 at water temperatures between 17 and 19.4 °C. Pathological changes consistent with HVA infection included haemorrhaging in the fi...
Koi herpesvirus (KHV) causes a highly virulent disease affecting carp, Cyprinus carpio L. , and poses a serious socio‐economic threat to the UK carp industry. This study aimed to determine the geographic distribution and prevalence of KHV exposed fish in England and Wales through ELISA antibody testing. Only three of the 82 farms sampled produced positive results, suggesting fish farms provide a relatively safe source of fish....
Antibody response of two populations of common carp, Cyprinus carpio L., exposed to koi herpesvirusNARA Subscribed
Common carp, Cyprinus carpio L., exposed to koi herpesvirus (KHV) may become persistently infected and populations containing such virus‐infected individuals may transmit the virus to other fish when co‐habited. Detection of virus‐infected fish in a population is thus critical to surveillance and control programmes for KHV. A study was therefore designed to detect anti‐KHV serum antibodies, with an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent...
The first report of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia in farmed rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), in the United KingdomNARA Subscribed
Viral haemorrhagic septicaemia (VHS) was diagnosed in rainbow trout in the UK in May 2006. VHS virus (VHSV) was isolated from fingerlings showing typical histopathological lesions at a single rainbow trout farm site experiencing high mortality. The virus was confirmed as VHSV by serological and molecular biological tests. Phylogenetic analysis based on the complete glycoprotein gene sequence revealed that the isolate was close...
Isolation of a cyprinid herpesvirus 2 from goldfish, Carassius auratus (L.), in the UKNARA Subscribed
Haematopoietic necrosis virus [cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV‐2)] was isolated during disease outbreaks in goldfish, Carassius auratus , at an ornamental fish retail site in southern England in 2004. Signs of disease included lethargy and inappetence and were first seen after water temperatures increased from 14–15 to 19–21 °C. External gross pathology included pale patches on the gills and skin and internally the spleen was enl...
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